Abstract
Glasshouse experiments were conducted to investigate effects of plant age and other factors affecting the contact of pretilachlor [2-chloro-2′, 6′-diethyl-N-(2-propoxyethyl)-acetanilide] with plants on the herbicidal activity against rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nihonbare) and Echinochloa oryzicola VASING..The pretilachlor activity on seeded rice was higher when rice was shallowly seeded than when seeded deeply, and its activity on rice seeded shallowly decreased more sharply than that on Echinochloa as leaf stage at application developed (Figs. 1 and 2). Seeding depth did not affect the activity on Echinochloa at all (Fig. 2), which depended only on leaf stage at the time of pretilachlor application (Figs. 1 and 2).Shallow planting (Table 1) and water percolation (Table 2) intensified the phytotoxicity of pretilachlor on transplanted rice, which was not affected by water depth (Table 3). Neither water depth nor water percolation affected the pretilachlor activity on Echinochloa at all (Tables 4 and 5).Pretilachlor applied only to the soil surface was selective between rice and Echinochloa seeded at 15mm depth; applied to the position of seed or root, however, the chemical was not selective (Figs. 3 and 4).The role of soil treatment was dominant in the activity of the overall treatment (combination of soil and foliar treatments) on the grasses, and that of foliar treatment was negligible in rice and slight in Echinochloa when pretilachlor was applied at about the 2 leaf stage of the plants (Fig. 5).The following conclusions were therefore drawn:1) The primary bases for the selectivity of pretilachlor between transplanted rice and Echinochloa are difference in availability of the chemical to the site of uptake and difference in plant age:2) physiological difference in the response to pretilachlor additionally contributes to the selectivity:3) the pretilachlor activity on the grasses greatly depends on the degree of its contact with the coleoptilar node: and4) the contact of pretilachlor with the foliar does not play any role in its phytotoxicity on the rice crop.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Pretilachlor activity on seeded rice was higher with shallow than deep seeding.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- rice was shallowly seedede0
- Outcome
- pretilachlor activity on seeded ricee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- seeded deeplye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pretilachlor activity on seeded rice was higher when rice was shallowly seeded than when seeded deeply”
Claim · model-written summary
With later leaf stage, pretilachlor activity on shallow seeded rice declined more sharply than on Echinochloa.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- leaf stage at applicatione0
- Interactor
- Echinochloa
Echinochloae0weed - Outcome
- activity on rice seeded shallowlye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- Echinochloae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its activity on rice seeded shallowly decreased more sharply than that on Echinochloa as leaf stage at application developed”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeding depth did not affect pretilachlor activity on Echinochloa.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Seeding depthe0
- Interactor
- EchinochloaEchinochloae0weed
- Outcome
- activity on Echinochloae0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seeding depth did not affect the activity on Echinochloa at all”
t0“rice and Echinochloa oryzicola VASING.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretilachlor activity on Echinochloa depended on leaf stage at application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leaf stagee0
- Interactor
- EchinochloaEchinochloat1weed
- Outcome
- activity on Echinochloae1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which depended only on leaf stage at the time of pretilachlor application”
t0“pretilachlor on rice and Echinochloa oryzicola VASING.”
t1“pretilachlor on rice and Echinochloa oryzicola VASING.”
e1“Seeding depth did not affect the activity on Echinochloa at all”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow planting intensified pretilachlor phytotoxicity on transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Shallow plantinge0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicity of pretilachlor on transplanted ricee0
- Direction
- intensifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shallow planting (Table 1) and water percolation (Table 2) intensified the phytotoxicity of pretilachlor on transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Water percolation intensified pretilachlor phytotoxicity on transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- water percolatione0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicity of pretilachlor on transplanted ricee0
- Direction
- intensifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water percolation (Table 2) intensified the phytotoxicity of pretilachlor on transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Water depth did not affect phytotoxicity on transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- water depthe0
- Outcome
- herbicidal activity of pretilachlor on ricet0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was not affected by water depth”
t0“herbicidal activity of pretilachlor on rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Water depth did not affect pretilachlor activity on Echinochloa.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- water depthe0
- Interactor
- EchinochloaEchinochloae0weed
- Outcome
- pretilachlor activity on Echinochloae0
- Direction
- Neithere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither water depth nor water percolation affected the pretilachlor activity on Echinochloa at all”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Water percolation did not affect pretilachlor activity on Echinochloa.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- water percolatione0
- Interactor
- EchinochloaEchinochloae0weed
- Outcome
- pretilachlor activity on Echinochloae0
- Direction
- Neithere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither water depth nor water percolation affected the pretilachlor activity on Echinochloa at all”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface applied pretilachlor was selective between rice and Echinochloa seeded 15 mm deep.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor applied only to the soil surfacee0
- Interactor
- EchinochloaEchinochloae0weed
- Outcome
- selective between rice and Echinochloae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pretilachlor applied only to the soil surface was selective between rice and Echinochloa seeded at 15mm depth”
Claim · model-written summary
Application at the seed or root was not selective between rice and Echinochloa.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- applied to the position of seed or roote0
- Interactor
- EchinochloaEchinochloat0weed
- Outcome
- not selectivee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applied to the position of seed or root, however, the chemical was not selective”
t0“rice and Echinochloa”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil treatment dominated the activity of combined soil and foliar application on the grasses.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- EchinochloaEchinochloat0weed
- Outcome
- role of soil treatment was dominante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The role of soil treatment was dominant in the activity of the overall treatment (combination of soil and foliar treatments) on the grasses”
t0“rice and Echinochloa”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar treatment contributed negligibly to activity on rice near the two leaf stage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- 2 leaf stagee0
- Outcome
- foliar treatment was negligible in ricee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“that of foliar treatment was negligible in rice and slight in Echinochloa when pretilachlor was applied at about the 2 leaf stage of the plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar treatment contributed slightly to activity on Echinochloa near the two leaf stage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- 2 leaf stagee0
- Interactor
- EchinochloaEchinochloae0weed
- Outcome
- slight in Echinochloae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar treatment was negligible in rice and slight in Echinochloa when pretilachlor was applied at about the 2 leaf stage of the plants”
The same questions in other papers
Pretilachlor · Echinochloa · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.