Abstract
Natural hybrids between wild species in Triticeae and common winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) are important part of breeding due to the mechanism of their creation, and because of the opportunity various qualities from the wild species to be more easily transferred into the genome of cultural plant. At the same time their detection in natural environment is difficult due to limited opportunities for interspecific and intergeneric pollination, fertilization and seed formation. One of the most common wide natural hybrids in wheat agrocenoses resulting from crosses between Aegilops cylindrica as a maternal component and bread wheat as a paternal component. In the survey conducted during 2008 the natural hybrid EXO F1 (Aegilops cylindrica x Triticum aestivum) was found, and its spikes were collected and analyzed for the presence of fertility. From the 10 found seeds only one seed germinated in 2009, and developed into second generation hybrid plant (EXO F2) which reached maturity. The flowering is an open type and continues for a long period of time. Obtained 11 spikes were observed and all of them were determined as completely sterile. Throughout the period of its growth EXO F2 does not give indications of attack by pathogens of powdery mildew and brown rust. There have not been monitored any symptoms and lesions of the same pathogens when collecting EXO F1. Natural hybrids were distinguished by resistance to herbicides transferred from cultural plant because EXO F1 was found in agrocenosis, where treatment against all weed groups was applied. Despite their negative specifications, natural hybrids are a valuable source of genes encoding resistance to biotic and abiotic stress and they could become a good source of breeding material.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
A natural EXO F1 hybrid was found in a 2008 survey.
- Taxon
- Aegilops cylindrica x Triticum aestivum
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Aegilops cylindricae0 - Material
- EXO F1e0
- Outcome
- natural hybride0
- Qualifier
- during 2008e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In the survey conducted during 2008 the natural hybrid EXO F1 (Aegilops cylindrica x Triticum aestivum) was found”
Claim · model-written summary
One of ten collected seeds germinated and produced an EXO F2 plant that matured.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- EXO F2e0
- Outcome
- one seed germinated in 2009e0
- Value
- one seede0
- Qualifier
- 10 found seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“From the 10 found seeds only one seed germinated in 2009, and developed into second generation hybrid plant (EXO F2) which reached maturity”
t0“Triticum aestivum”
Claim · model-written summary
EXO F2 flowering was open and prolonged.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- EXO F2e1
- Outcome
- flowering is an open type and continues for a long period of timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The flowering is an open type and continues for a long period of time”
t0“Triticum aestivum”
e1“second generation hybrid plant (EXO F2)”
Claim · model-written summary
All 11 observed EXO F2 spikes were sterile.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- EXO F2e1
- Organ / stage
- spikese0
- Outcome
- completely sterilee0
- Value
- 11 spikese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Obtained 11 spikes were observed and all of them were determined as completely sterile”
t0“Triticum aestivum”
e1“second generation hybrid plant (EXO F2)”
Claim · model-written summary
EXO F2 showed no signs of powdery mildew attack.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- EXO F2e0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- attack by pathogens of powdery mildewe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Throughout the period of its growth EXO F2 does not give indications of attack by pathogens of powdery mildew and brown rust”
t0“Triticum aestivum”
Claim · model-written summary
EXO F2 showed no signs of brown rust attack.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- EXO F2e0
- Interactor
- brown ruste0pathogen
- Outcome
- brown ruste0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Throughout the period of its growth EXO F2 does not give indications of attack by pathogens of powdery mildew and brown rust”
t0“Triticum aestivum”
Claim · model-written summary
EXO F1 had no observed powdery mildew or brown rust symptoms.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- EXO F1e0
- Outcome
- any symptoms and lesionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There have not been monitored any symptoms and lesions of the same pathogens when collecting EXO F1”
t0“Triticum aestivum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors inferred herbicide resistance in natural hybrids from EXO F1 survival in a treated agrocenosis.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- EXO F1e0
- Treatment
- treatment against all weed groupse0
- Outcome
- resistance to herbicidese0
- Setting
- agrocenosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Natural hybrids were distinguished by resistance to herbicides transferred from cultural plant because EXO F1 was found in agrocenosis, where treatment against all weed groups was applied”
t0“Triticum aestivum”