Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a crucial nutrient for plant growth, but its availability to roots is limited in soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is a promising strategy for improving plant P acquisition. However, P fertilizer reduces fungal colonization (P inhibition) and compromises mycorrhizal P uptake, warranting studies on the mechanistic basis of P inhibition. In this study, early morphological changes in P inhibition were identified in rice (Oryza sativa) using fungal cell wall staining and live-cell imaging of plant membranes that were associated with arbuscule life cycles. Arbuscule density decreased, and aberrant hyphal branching was observed in roots at 5 h after P treatment. Although new arbuscule development was severely inhibited, preformed arbuscules remained intact and longevity remained constant. P inhibition was accelerated in the rice pt11-1 mutant, which lacks P uptake from arbuscule branches, suggesting that mature arbuscules are stabilized by the symbiotic P transporter under high P condition. Moreover, P treatment led to increases in the number of vesicles, in which lipid droplets accumulated and then decreased within a few days. The development of new arbuscules resumed within by 2 d. Our data established that P strongly and temporarily inhibits new arbuscule development, but not intraradical accommodation of AM fungi.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate decreased arbuscule density in rice roots after five hours.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- P treatmente0
- Outcome
- Arbuscule densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 5 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arbuscule density decreased, and aberrant hyphal branching was observed in roots at 5 h after P treatment.”
t0“Rice Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate caused aberrant hyphal branching in rice roots after five hours.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- P treatmente0
- Outcome
- aberrant hyphal branchinge0
- Qualifier
- 5 he0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aberrant hyphal branching was observed in roots at 5 h after P treatment”
t0“Rice Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate severely inhibited new arbuscule development.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Phosphate Treatmentt0
- Outcome
- new arbuscule developmente0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“new arbuscule development was severely inhibited”
t0“Phosphate Treatment Strongly Inhibits New Arbuscule Development But Not the Maintenance of Arbuscule in Mycorrhizal Rice Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Preformed arbuscules remained intact after phosphate treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Phosphate Treatmentt0
- Outcome
- preformed arbuscules remained intacte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preformed arbuscules remained intact and longevity remained constant”
t0“Phosphate Treatment Strongly Inhibits New Arbuscule Development But Not the Maintenance of Arbuscule in Mycorrhizal Rice Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Preformed arbuscule longevity remained constant after phosphate treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Phosphate Treatmentt0
- Outcome
- longevitye0
- Direction
- remained constante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preformed arbuscules remained intact and longevity remained constant”
t0“Phosphate Treatment Strongly Inhibits New Arbuscule Development But Not the Maintenance of Arbuscule in Mycorrhizal Rice Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate inhibition accelerated in the rice pt11-1 mutant.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- pt11-1 mutante0
- Outcome
- P inhibitione0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P inhibition was accelerated in the rice pt11-1 mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that the symbiotic P transporter stabilizes mature arbuscules under high phosphate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- symbiotic P transportere0
- Outcome
- mature arbuscules are stabilizede0
- Qualifier
- high P conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that mature arbuscules are stabilized by the symbiotic P transporter under high P condition”
t0“Rice Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate treatment increased vesicle number.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- P treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of vesiclese0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P treatment led to increases in the number of vesicles”
t0“Rice Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Lipid droplets accumulated in vesicles and then decreased within days.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- lipid droplets accumulated and then decreasede0
- Qualifier
- within a few dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“vesicles, in which lipid droplets accumulated and then decreased within a few days”
t0“Rice Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
New arbuscule development resumed within two days.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- development of new arbuscules resumede0
- Value
- 2 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The development of new arbuscules resumed within by 2 d.”
t0“Rice Roots”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · pest · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
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32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 133 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 166 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.