Abstract
Sharppod morningglory is a perennial vine commonly found infesting croplands in Texas and the southeastern United States. Previous research regarding morningglory competition and control primarily focused on annual Ipomoea. Interference, control, and herbicide translocation of sharppod morningglory could differ from that of other morningglories because of differences in growth and resource allocation. Therefore, field and laboratory experiments were conducted from 2001 to 2004 to: 1) determine the effects of seed-propagated and root-sprouted sharppod morningglory on cotton economic value, yield, harvest efficiency, and fiber quality; 2) evaluate sharppod morningglory control with cotton herbicides, and determine the effect of diuron rates on glyphosate absorption and translocation; and 3) assess the impact of cotton herbicide program and cotton-corn rotation on weed species composition over three years. A relatively large proportion of sharppod morningglory biomass was accumulated belowground during the first 8 wk of growth in the greenhouse. Consequently, up to 6 plants 10-m row-1 did not significantly reduce cotton lint yield. Sharppod morningglory density impacted color grade more than any other classification parameter. Through combined effects on yield and quality, cotton lint value was reduced by approximately 85% in the presence of 8 sharppod morningglory 10 m-1. Glyphosate alone did not completely control sharppod morningglory. The use of glufosinate, bromoxynil, or a combination of glyphosate plus diuron provided acceptable control. Sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate when applied alone, but most glyphosate was retained in treated leaves and did not translocate well. Diuron decreased absorption, increased leaf retention, and inhibited glyphosate translocation to roots. Rotation to corn and the use of preemergence herbicides in cotton improved control of grass and broadleaf weeds during the year of treatment. In the season following the 3-yr rotation, there were no lasting effects of crop rotation on density or control of grasses and broadleaves. However, hand-hoed and herbicide treated plots resulted in weed densities 2- to 3-fold lower than the untreated. Preemergence herbicides and/or crop rotation can reduce weed density and improve weed control, but these strategies must be employed long-term to reduce density of problematic weeds through depletion of the soil seedbank.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Sharppod morningglory accumulated much biomass belowground during its first eight weeks.
Verbatim
e0“A relatively large proportion of sharppod morningglory biomass was accumulated belowground during the first 8 wk of growth in the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Up to six sharppod morningglory plants per 10-m row did not significantly reduce cotton lint yield.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Interactor
- sharppod morningglorye1weed
- Outcome
- cotton lint yielde0
- Direction
- did not significantly reducee0
- Value
- 6 plants 10-m row-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“up to 6 plants 10-m row-1 did not significantly reduce cotton lint yield”
e1“sharppod morningglory on cotton economic value”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Sharppod morningglory density affected cotton color grade more than other classification parameters.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- Sharppod morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- color gradee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sharppod morningglory density impacted color grade more than any other classification parameter”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight sharppod morningglory plants per 10 m reduced cotton lint value about 85%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Interactor
- sharppod morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- cotton lint valuee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- approximately 85%e0
- Qualifier
- 8 sharppod morningglory 10 m-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton lint value was reduced by approximately 85% in the presence of 8 sharppod morningglory 10 m-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate alone did not completely control sharppod morningglory.
- Taxon
- sharppod morningglorye0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate alonee0
- Outcome
- control sharppod morningglorye0
- Direction
- did not completely controle0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate alone did not completely control sharppod morningglory”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate provided acceptable sharppod morningglory control.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The use of glufosinate, bromoxynil, or a combination of glyphosate plus diuron provided acceptable control”
e1“sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil provided acceptable sharppod morningglory control.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The use of glufosinate, bromoxynil, or a combination of glyphosate plus diuron provided acceptable control”
e1“sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate plus diuron provided acceptable sharppod morningglory control.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The use of glufosinate, bromoxynil, or a combination of glyphosate plus diuron provided acceptable control”
e1“sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate applied alone, but most stayed in treated leaves.
Verbatim
e0“Sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate when applied alone, but most glyphosate was retained in treated leaves and did not translocate well”
Claim · model-written summary
Diuron decreased glyphosate absorption in sharppod morningglory.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Diuron decreased absorption, increased leaf retention, and inhibited glyphosate translocation to roots”
e1“Sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Diuron increased glyphosate retention in leaves of sharppod morningglory.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Diuron decreased absorption, increased leaf retention, and inhibited glyphosate translocation to roots”
e1“Sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Diuron inhibited glyphosate movement to sharppod morningglory roots.
- Taxon
- Sharppod morningglorye1
- Treatment
- Diurone0
- Outcome
- glyphosate translocation to rootse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Diuron decreased absorption, increased leaf retention, and inhibited glyphosate translocation to roots”
e1“Sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation to corn improved grass and broadleaf weed control during treatment.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Rotation to corne0
- Outcome
- control of grass and broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotation to corn and the use of preemergence herbicides in cotton improved control of grass and broadleaf weeds during the year of treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence herbicides improved grass and broadleaf weed control in cotton during treatment.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- preemergence herbicidese0
- Outcome
- control of grass and broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotation to corn and the use of preemergence herbicides in cotton improved control of grass and broadleaf weeds during the year of treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop rotation had no lasting effect on weed density or control in the following season.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- crop rotatione0
- Outcome
- density or control of grasses and broadleavese0
- Direction
- no lasting effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no lasting effects of crop rotation on density or control of grasses and broadleaves”
e1“cotton-corn rotation”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand-hoed plots had weed densities two to threefold lower than untreated plots.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- hand-hoede0
- Outcome
- weed densitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 2- to 3-folde0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hand-hoed and herbicide treated plots resulted in weed densities 2- to 3-fold lower than the untreated”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide-treated plots had weed densities two to threefold lower than untreated plots.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatede0
- Outcome
- weed densitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 2- to 3-folde0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hand-hoed and herbicide treated plots resulted in weed densities 2- to 3-fold lower than the untreated”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend long-term preemergence herbicides or crop rotation to deplete weed seedbanks.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- these strategies must be employed long-terme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Preemergence herbicides and/or crop rotation can reduce weed density and improve weed control, but these strategies must be employed long-term to reduce density of problematic weeds through depletion of the soil seedbank”
t0“cotton”
The same questions in other papers
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
rotation · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
rotation · weed · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
herbicide · weed · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
99 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
104 papers more in this group
See all 108 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.