Abstract
Inoculation effects with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Glomus versiforme (Karsten) Berch and G. mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe, on the growth, carbohydrate and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed in micropropagated trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) in pots under greenhouse conditions. After 300 days' inoculation, the root colonization and the numbers of arbuscules, vesicles and entry points were the highest in the 2(superscript nd) lateral roots inoculated with G. versiforme and in the 1(superscript st) lateral roots colonized by G. mosseae. Stem diameter, leaf area, leaf number per plant, root volume, shoot and root dry weights, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents markedly increased under inoculated conditions. Inoculated plants showed the greater soluble sugar and total non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) contents in leaves and roots, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities were higher in mycorrhizal plants than those in non-mycorrizal plants. However, a severe depression was found in the soluble protein contents of mycorrhizal leaves and roots. G. versiforme was more effective than G. mosseae in growth and carbohydrate increments, while G. mosseae was more effective than G. versiforme in antioxidant enzymes increments.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Colonization structures were highest in second lateral roots with G. versiforme and first lateral roots with G. mosseae.
- Taxon
- rootse0
- Interactor
- G. versiformeDiversispora versiformise0symbiont
- Second interactor
- G. mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee0symbiont - Outcome
- root colonization and the numbers of arbuscules, vesicles and entry pointse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 300 days' inoculation, the root colonization and the numbers of arbuscules, vesicles and entry points were the highest in the 2(superscript nd) lateral roots inoculated with G. versiforme and in the 1(superscript st) lateral roots colonized by G. mosseae.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased stem diameter, leaf area and leaf number.
- Taxon
- plante0
- Treatment
- inoculated conditionse0
- Outcome
- Stem diameter, leaf area, leaf number per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Stem diameter, leaf area, leaf number per plant, root volume, shoot and root dry weights, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents markedly increased under inoculated conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased root volume and shoot and root dry weights.
- Taxon
- roote0
- Treatment
- inoculated conditionse0
- Outcome
- root volume, shoot and root dry weightse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“root volume, shoot and root dry weights, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents markedly increased under inoculated conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased chlorophyll and carotenoid contents.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll and carotenoid contents markedly increased under inoculated conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated plants had greater soluble sugar and total nonstructural carbohydrate contents in leaves and roots.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- Inoculatede0
- Outcome
- soluble sugar and total non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) contentse0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated plants showed the greater soluble sugar and total non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) contents in leaves and roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal plants had higher SOD, POD and CAT activity than nonmycorrhizal plants.
Verbatim
e0“superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities were higher in mycorrhizal plants than those in non-mycorrizal plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal leaves and roots had depressed soluble protein content.
- Taxon
- mycorrhizale0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizale0
- Outcome
- soluble protein contentse0
- Direction
- depressione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a severe depression was found in the soluble protein contents of mycorrhizal leaves and roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
G. versiforme produced larger growth and carbohydrate increments than G. mosseae.
- Treatment
- G. versiformee0
- Interactor
- G. versiformeDiversispora versiformise0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and carbohydrate incrementse0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- G. mosseaee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“G. versiforme was more effective than G. mosseae in growth and carbohydrate increments”
Claim · model-written summary
G. mosseae produced larger antioxidant enzyme increments than G. versiforme.
- Treatment
- G. mosseaee0
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzymes incrementse0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- G. versiformee0
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“G. mosseae was more effective than G. versiforme in antioxidant enzymes increments.”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Viridiplantae (plants)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.