Abstract
Biofuel crops are monocultures that insects and diseases will use as an energy resource and they will compete with our intended use of these crops. Repeated land use for one cropping system without rotating crops will increase the potential for losses due to pest activities, and pest management will reduce profi ts. Site preparation to minimize pest populations will be rewarded. Irrigated cropping systems will facilitate delivery of pest control chemicals. What are the most serious pest problems in biofuel production? How can these pests be controlled? What is the cost/benefi t ratio of control measures and what are the factors that defi ne an economic threshold for initiation of control eff orts? Many riparian species of insects attack both willow (Salix) and poplar (Populus) hosts. We have successfully used a synthetic sex pheromone to control a clearwing moth (Sessidae: Paranthrene robiniae) that can cause major damage to irrigated hybrid poplar grown in eastern Oregon and eastern Washington. Our eff orts toward reducing populations of a carpenterworm moth (Cossidae: Prionoxystus robiniae) below an economic threshold show promise. Our most diffi cult pest problem in hybrid poplars is the poplar/willow borer (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchus lapathi), which, true to its common name, attacks Salix, too. Repeated use of imidacloprid delivered through the dip system controls aphids (Chaitophorus: Chaitophorus populicola) and cottonwood leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae: Chrysomela scripta), and seems to be reducing the poplar/willow borer, too. Likewise, insect pests of corn, sugarcane, and rice are known to feed on Miscanthus spp., and nematode and diseases of Panicum virgatum can severely reduce biomass production. Introduction of Miscanthus × giganteus has potential as a biofuel, but it could serve as an alternate host to corn (Ostrinia nubilalis and Diatraea grandiosella) and sugarcane pests (Diatraea saccharalis). With the potential of pest movement between crops a “Good Neighbor” pest control strategy may be required.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Synthetic sex pheromone successfully controlled a clearwing moth damaging hybrid poplar.
- Treatment
- synthetic sex pheromonee0
- Interactor
- Paranthrene robiniae
Paranthrene robiniaee0pest - Outcome
- control a clearwing mothe0
- Direction
- controle0
- Setting
- eastern Oregon and eastern Washingtone0
PopulusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We have successfully used a synthetic sex pheromone to control a clearwing moth (Sessidae: Paranthrene robiniae) that can cause major damage to irrigated hybrid poplar grown in eastern Oregon and eastern Washington.”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated imidacloprid use controlled aphids.
- Treatment
- Repeated use of imidacloprid delivered through the dip systeme0
- Interactor
- Chaitophorus populicola
Chaitophorus populicolae0pest - Outcome
- controls aphidse0
- Direction
- controlse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Repeated use of imidacloprid delivered through the dip system controls aphids (Chaitophorus: Chaitophorus populicola) and cottonwood leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae: Chrysomela scripta), and seems to be reducing the poplar/willow borer, too.”
e1“most diffi cult pest problem in hybrid poplars”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated imidacloprid use controlled cottonwood leaf beetles.
- Treatment
- Repeated use of imidacloprid delivered through the dip systeme0
- Interactor
- Chrysomela scripta
Chrysomela scriptae0pest - Outcome
- controls aphidse0
- Direction
- controlse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Repeated use of imidacloprid delivered through the dip system controls aphids (Chaitophorus: Chaitophorus populicola) and cottonwood leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae: Chrysomela scripta), and seems to be reducing the poplar/willow borer, too.”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated imidacloprid use appeared to reduce poplar/willow borer.
- Treatment
- Repeated use of imidacloprid delivered through the dip systeme0
- Interactor
- poplar/willow borere0pest
- Outcome
- poplar/willow borere0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Repeated use of imidacloprid delivered through the dip system controls aphids (Chaitophorus: Chaitophorus populicola) and cottonwood leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae: Chrysomela scripta), and seems to be reducing the poplar/willow borer, too.”
Claim · model-written summary
A carpenterworm reduction effort showed promise.
- Interactor
- Prionoxystus robiniae
Prionoxystus robiniaee0pest - Outcome
- show promisee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our eff orts toward reducing populations of a carpenterworm moth (Cossidae: Prionoxystus robiniae) below an economic threshold show promise.”
e1“irrigated hybrid poplar grown”