Abstract
In the Czech Republic, an alien species Atriplex sagittata has been spreading rapidly recently. The paper analyses the rate of its spread and pattern of habitat preferences in the course of more than 150 years. The ancient distribution is inferred from archaeological records and compared with recent situation. The oldest record from the study area comes from the Bronze Age. The first recent report is dated 1810. A. sagittata is known from 64.6 % of the map squares of the European phytogeographical grid. An exponential regression fits the increase in the cumulative number of localities. The curve obtained can be divided into four parts corresponding to periods in which the number of localities increased abruptly. The most remarkable increase follows the Second World War, and can be explained by species autoecology and creation of suitable habitats. The species is closely confined to ruderal sites and habitats facilitating transport. It prefers warm and moderately warm climatic regions. The main determinants of success of Atriplex sagittata in Central Europe are probably a combination of (a) special adaptation mechanisms, such as heterocarpy and salt-tolerance which favour the species survival in disturbed habitats, and (b) increasing frequency of suitable habitats, related to frequent disturbances of the landscape and human-related transport activities. These habitats are similar, in terms of temporal and spatial variability, to those in which the species occurs in the native distribution area (i.e. salt steppe and riparian habitats).
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The oldest study-area record dates to the Bronze Age.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittata
Atriplex sagittatat0 - Outcome
- oldest record from the study areae0
- Value
- Bronze Agee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The oldest record from the study area comes from the Bronze Age.”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The first recent report is dated 1810.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittataAtriplex sagittatat0
- Outcome
- first recent reporte0
- Value
- 1810e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first recent report is dated 1810.”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The species occurs in 64.6% of European phytogeographical grid squares.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittataAtriplex sagittatat0
- Outcome
- map squares of the European phytogeographical gride0
- Value
- 64.6 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. sagittata is known from 64.6 % of the map squares of the European phytogeographical grid.”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
An exponential regression fits the increasing cumulative locality count.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittataAtriplex sagittatat0
- Outcome
- fits the increase in the cumulative number of localitiese0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An exponential regression fits the increase in the cumulative number of localities.”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The locality curve has four periods of abrupt increase, most notably after the Second World War.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittataAtriplex sagittatat0
- Outcome
- number of localitiese0
- Direction
- increased abruptlye0
- Value
- four partse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The curve obtained can be divided into four parts corresponding to periods in which the number of localities increased abruptly. The most remarkable increase follows the Second World War”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The species is closely confined to ruderal and transport-facilitating habitats.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittataAtriplex sagittatat0
- Outcome
- closely confined to ruderal sites and habitats facilitating transporte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The species is closely confined to ruderal sites and habitats facilitating transport.”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The species prefers warm and moderately warm climatic regions.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittataAtriplex sagittatat0
- Outcome
- prefers warm and moderately warm climatic regionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It prefers warm and moderately warm climatic regions.”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Adaptation to disturbance and increasing suitable habitat frequency probably explain establishment success.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittataAtriplex sagittatat0
- Outcome
- success of Atriplex sagittata in Central Europee0
- Qualifier
- special adaptation mechanisms, such as heterocarpy and salt-tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The main determinants of success of Atriplex sagittata in Central Europe are probably a combination of (a) special adaptation mechanisms, such as heterocarpy and salt-tolerance which favour the species survival in disturbed habitats, and (b) increasing frequency of suitable habitats, related to frequent disturbances of the landscape and human-related transport activities.”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The invaded habitats resemble its native salt steppe and riparian habitats in temporal and spatial variability.
- Taxon
- Atriplex sagittataAtriplex sagittatat0
- Outcome
- similar, in terms of temporal and spatial variabilitye0
- Comparator
- salt steppe and riparian habitatse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These habitats are similar, in terms of temporal and spatial variability, to those in which the species occurs in the native distribution area (i.e. salt steppe and riparian habitats).”
t0“Atriplex sagittata (Chenopodiaceae)”