Abstract
The current productivity of rainfed lands in Madhya Pradesh, India is about 1.0 t ha-1 although there is scope to obtain >3 t ha-1. To assess and evaluate the potential of improved soil, water, and nutrient management options through integrated watershed management at Ringnodia in Indore in western Madhya Pradesh, a micro-watershed of 390 ha was delineated. Soybean is a major crop during the rainy season and yield of <1 t ha-1 is obtained in the micro-watershed. Landholdings in the watershed are generally small. The input use is low with little soil and water conservation measures in vogue among farmers. About 30–40% of the total rainfall is lost through runoff, carrying productive soils and nutrients while crops experienced drought stress in the rainy as well as postrainy seasons. With a critical advisory support from scientists, the watershed farmers could augment water storage capacity in the village through construction of percolation/storage tanks and renovation of existing ponds. For safe disposal of water from the watershed, waterways were developed and wire mesh bound boulder structures were constructed to reduce soil loss and runoff. These water storage structures could store up to 30 ha-m water representing about 70% of total runoff from 100 ha cultivated area and thus reduce runoff and soil losses. This increased groundwater recharge, which manifested in increased water table in most wells including the abandoned ones. The scenario analysis suggested various cropping options for enhanced yield with limited irrigation (soybean-wheat) or under rainfed conditions (pigeonpea/sorghum intercrop). Sorghum/pigeonpea intercrop was, however, less popular amongst the farmers. The introduction of extra-short-duration pigeonpea opened avenues for diversification and its adoption is likely to increase. Under rainfed conditions, double cropping could be practiced in two out of three postrainy seasons. Soybean yields increased marginally by gypsum application and also by planting on mini-ridges. The medium-duration chickpea cultivar JG 218 gave higher yield than short-duration cultivars ICCV 2 and ICCC 37 indicating sufficient moisture for the traditional types. Pests were the major yield reducers in soybean and adoption of integrated pest management options nearly tripled soybean yield. In another micro-watershed at the College of Agriculture, Indore interaction between land and water conservation measures and efficient cropping systems was examined. Soybean/pigeonpea strip crop and soybean-wheat systems were more productive than soybean-chickpea and soybean-linseed systems. Chickpea and wheat could easily be established with minimum tillage when planted in moist seed zone at 15 cm depth after the harvest of soybean
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield in the watershed was below 1 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Outcome
- yielde0
- Value
- <1 t ha-1e0
- Setting
- micro-watershede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean is a major crop during the rainy season and yield of <1 t ha-1 is obtained in the micro-watershed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Runoff removed 30–40% of rainfall and crops experienced drought stress.
Verbatim
e0“About 30–40% of the total rainfall is lost through runoff, carrying productive soils and nutrients while crops experienced drought stress in the rainy as well as postrainy seasons.”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage structures could retain up to 30 ha-m water, about 70% of runoff, reducing runoff and soil loss.
Verbatim
e0“These water storage structures could store up to 30 ha-m water representing about 70% of total runoff from 100 ha cultivated area and thus reduce runoff and soil losses.”
Claim · model-written summary
The structures increased groundwater recharge and well water tables.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“This increased groundwater recharge, which manifested in increased water table in most wells including the abandoned ones.”
Claim · model-written summary
Scenario analysis suggested soybean-wheat and pigeonpea-sorghum systems for enhanced yield.
Verbatim
e0“The scenario analysis suggested various cropping options for enhanced yield with limited irrigation (soybean-wheat) or under rainfed conditions (pigeonpea/sorghum intercrop).”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfed double cropping was feasible in two of three postrainy seasons.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Under rainfed conditions, double cropping could be practiced in two out of three postrainy seasons.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum application marginally increased soybean yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- gypsum applicatione0
- Outcome
- Soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- increased marginallye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean yields increased marginally by gypsum application and also by planting on mini-ridges.”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting on mini-ridges marginally increased soybean yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- planting on mini-ridgese0
- Outcome
- Soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- increased marginallye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean yields increased marginally by gypsum application and also by planting on mini-ridges.”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-duration chickpea cultivar JG 218 yielded more than short-duration cultivars ICCV 2 and ICCC 37.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Material
- JG 218e0
- Treatment
- JG 218e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ICCV 2 and ICCC 37e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The medium-duration chickpea cultivar JG 218 gave higher yield than short-duration cultivars ICCV 2 and ICCC 37”
Claim · model-written summary
Pests were major soybean yield reducers.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- Pestse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pests were the major yield reducers in soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated pest management nearly tripled soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- integrated pest management optionse0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- triplede0
- Value
- nearly triplede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adoption of integrated pest management options nearly tripled soybean yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean-pigeonpea strip cropping and soybean-wheat were more productive than soybean-chickpea and soybean-linseed.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Soybean/pigeonpea strip crop and soybean-wheat systemse0
- Outcome
- more productivee0
- Direction
- more productivee0
- Comparator
- soybean-chickpea and soybean-linseed systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean/pigeonpea strip crop and soybean-wheat systems were more productive than soybean-chickpea and soybean-linseed systems.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea and wheat could be established with minimum tillage when sown at 15 cm in moist soil after soybean.
- Taxon
- Chickpea and wheatCicer arietinum
Triticum aestivume0 - Outcome
- could easily be establishede0
- Value
- 15 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea and wheat could easily be established with minimum tillage when planted in moist seed zone at 15 cm depth after the harvest of soybean”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.