Abstract
In India, the sorghum hybrids CSH-1 and CSH-2, which were developed in the 1960's, produce a 70% greater grain yield than local cultivars and produce comparable fodder yields. However, acceptance of the hybrids in Karnataka State, has been slowed by their susceptibility to attack by Atherigona soccata Rond. (varia var. soccata). When systemic insecticides were evaluated against the fly in field tests at Bangalore during 1970-71, dead-heart counts and number of eggs/plant 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after germination showed that seed treatment with carbofuran or pre-sowing furrow treatments with granules containing carbofuran disulfoton or phorate gave the most effective control. It was noted that fly attack occurred even in winter in southern Karnataka, and the weight of earheads and fodder appeared to be related to the degree of fly control.ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT:To protect the susceptible new sorghum hybrids CSH1 and CSH2 from sorghum shoot fly, seeds were either treated with carbofuran wettable powder at 4, 5, 6 and 8% a.i. before sowing, or were sown in soil furrows to which carbofuran 3G or 10G, phorate 10G, cytrolane 10G or disulfoton 10G had been applied at 3 rates. After 28 days all treatments except quick-release carbofuran 3G and cytrolane 10G gave effective control. Weights of ears and green fodder appeared to be positively correlated with the degree of shoot fly control. Of the treatments tested, phorate 10G at 16 kg/ac as soil application and 6% carbofuran as seed treatment were recommended; however, seed treatment cost only one-third as much as soil treatment and was equally effective
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
CSH-1 produced 70% greater grain yield than local cultivars.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sorghum hybrids CSH-1 and CSH-2, which were developed in the 1960's, produce a 70% greater grain yield than local cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
CSH-2 produced 70% greater grain yield than local cultivars.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sorghum hybrids CSH-1 and CSH-2, which were developed in the 1960's, produce a 70% greater grain yield than local cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
The hybrids produced fodder yields comparable to local cultivars.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum”
e0“produce comparable fodder yields”
e1“than local cultivars and produce comparable fodder yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran seed treatment gave among the most effective shoot-fly control.
- Treatment
- seed treatment with carbofurane0
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccata
_Figure_4.jpg?width=60)
Atherigona variat0pest - Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Figure_4.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“seed treatment with carbofuran or pre-sowing furrow treatments with granules containing carbofuran disulfoton or phorate gave the most effective control”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-sowing furrow carbofuran granules gave among the most effective shoot-fly control.
- Treatment
- carbofurane0
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“pre-sowing furrow treatments with granules containing carbofuran disulfoton or phorate gave the most effective control”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-sowing furrow disulfoton granules gave among the most effective shoot-fly control.
- Treatment
- disulfotone0
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“pre-sowing furrow treatments with granules containing carbofuran disulfoton or phorate gave the most effective control”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-sowing furrow phorate granules gave among the most effective shoot-fly control.
- Treatment
- phoratee0
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“pre-sowing furrow treatments with granules containing carbofuran disulfoton or phorate gave the most effective control”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot-fly attack occurred even during winter in southern Karnataka.
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- fly attack occurrede0
- Qualifier
- wintere0
- Setting
- southern Karnatakae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“fly attack occurred even in winter in southern Karnataka”
Claim · model-written summary
Ear weight was positively correlated with shoot-fly control.
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- Weights of earse0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“Weights of ears and green fodder appeared to be positively correlated with the degree of shoot fly control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-fodder weight was positively correlated with shoot-fly control.
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- green foddere0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“Weights of ears and green fodder appeared to be positively correlated with the degree of shoot fly control.”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested treatments except quick-release carbofuran 3G and cytrolane 10G controlled the fly after 28 days.
- Treatment
- all treatments except quick-release carbofuran 3G and cytrolane 10Ge0
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Qualifier
- After 28 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“After 28 days all treatments except quick-release carbofuran 3G and cytrolane 10G gave effective control.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended phorate 10G at 16 kg/ac as a soil treatment.
- Treatment
- phorate 10G at 16 kg/ac as soil applicatione0
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- phorate 10G at 16 kg/ac as soil applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“phorate 10G at 16 kg/ac as soil application and 6% carbofuran as seed treatment were recommended”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended 6% carbofuran seed treatment.
- Treatment
- 6% carbofuran as seed treatmente0
- Interactor
- Atherigona varia var. soccataAtherigona variat0pest
- Outcome
- 6% carbofuran as seed treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum shoot fly Atherigona varia var. soccata”
e0“phorate 10G at 16 kg/ac as soil application and 6% carbofuran as seed treatment were recommended”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment cost one-third as much as soil treatment.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum”
e0“seed treatment cost only one-third as much as soil treatment and was equally effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment was as effective as soil treatment.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum”
e0“seed treatment cost only one-third as much as soil treatment and was equally effective”
The same questions in other papers
disulfoton · Atherigona varia · SorghumResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
phorate · Atherigona varia · SorghumResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
carbofuran · Atherigona varia · SorghumResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
seed treatment · Atherigona varia · SorghumResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.