Abstract
Apple Valsa canker (AVC), caused by Valsa mali, results in a serious and persistent disease problem for apple production in China and is difficult to control by chemical and agricultural measures. In this study, we determined the inhibitory effects of an endophytic actinomycete Saccharothrix yanglingensis strain Hhs.015 on V. mali under laboratory and the field conditions. Fermentation broth (FB) of Hhs.015 significantly inhibited conidial germination and mycelial growth, causing malformed and dysfunctional fungal structures. Detached apple (Malus domestica 'Fuji') twigs smeared with FB before V. mali inoculation significantly reduced lesion development, especially sporulation. In the orchard trials conducted from 2010 to 2013, trunks and branches smeared with FB three times significantly reduced the number of new lesions. In addition, wounds after lesion surgery coated with FB also enhanced callus formation and significantly improved the cure rate. The results showed that S. yanglingensis Hhs.015 is effective against AVC in orchards. Thus, S. yanglingensis Hhs.015 can be further developed as an effective biocontrol agent for more sustainable management of AVC.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Fermentation broth inhibited fungal conidial germination and mycelial growth and caused malformed structures.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- Fermentation broth (FB) of Hhs.015e0
- Interactor
- Valsa maliCytospora malit1pathogen
- Outcome
- conidial germination and mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fermentation broth (FB) of Hhs.015 significantly inhibited conidial germination and mycelial growth, causing malformed and dysfunctional fungal structures.”
t0“Apple Valsa Canker”
t1“caused by Valsa mali”
Claim · model-written summary
Broth on detached apple twigs before inoculation reduced lesion development.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Organ / stage
- twigse0
- Treatment
- smeared with FBe0
- Interactor
- V. maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Outcome
- lesion developmente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Detached apple (Malus domestica 'Fuji') twigs smeared with FB before V. mali inoculation significantly reduced lesion development, especially sporulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Broth treatment especially reduced sporulation on detached apple twigs.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- smeared with FBe0
- Interactor
- V. maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Outcome
- sporulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Detached apple (Malus domestica 'Fuji') twigs smeared with FB before V. mali inoculation significantly reduced lesion development, especially sporulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Three broth smears of trunks and branches reduced new lesions in orchard trials.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- smeared with FB three timese0
- Outcome
- number of new lesionse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- orcharde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the orchard trials conducted from 2010 to 2013, trunks and branches smeared with FB three times significantly reduced the number of new lesions.”
t0“Apple Valsa Canker”
Claim · model-written summary
Broth coating of wounds enhanced callus formation.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- coated with FBe0
- Outcome
- callus formatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wounds after lesion surgery coated with FB also enhanced callus formation and significantly improved the cure rate.”
t0“Apple Valsa Canker”
Claim · model-written summary
Broth coating of wounds significantly improved cure rate.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- coated with FBe0
- Outcome
- cure ratee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wounds after lesion surgery coated with FB also enhanced callus formation and significantly improved the cure rate.”
t0“Apple Valsa Canker”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose development of Hhs.015 for sustainable canker management.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- S. yanglingensis Hhs.015Saccharothrix longispora subsp. yanglingensise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- more sustainable management of AVCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. yanglingensis Hhs.015 can be further developed as an effective biocontrol agent for more sustainable management of AVC.”
t0“Apple Valsa Canker”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.