Abstract
Various soil amendments and cultural practices were examined in both a phytophthora-infested ( Phytophthora fragariae var. rubi ) (+PFR) and uninfested field (–PFR) planted to `Heritage' red raspberries. Although plants in the +PFR field did not exhibit typical disease symptoms due to unseasonably dry weather, their growth was less than those in the –PFR field. After 2 years, plants in the +PFR site had the highest yields in plots treated with phosphorous acid or amended with gypsum, whereas compost-amended plots had the lowest yields in both +PFR and –PFR sites. A second field study confirmed the positive effect of gypsum on growth and yield of raspberries in an infested site. In a third study, `Titan' raspberries grown under greenhouse conditions in pots containing unamended soil from the infested site, then flooded, exhibited severe disease symptoms; however, pasteurization of the soil, treatment with phosphorous acid and metalaxyl fungicide, or gypsum amendment mostly prevented symptoms from developing. These three studies suggest that a preplant soil amendment containing certain readily available forms of calcium, such as found in gypsum, can help suppress phytophthora root rot and increase survival, growth and yield of raspberries in sites where the pathogen is present.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Raspberries in infested field had less growth than those in uninfested field.
- Taxon
- Red Raspberries
_Rubus_idaeus_-_Feuillage.jpg?width=60)
Rubus idaeust0 - Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- –PFR fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Rubus_idaeus_-_Feuillage.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“their growth was less than those in the –PFR field”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorous acid produced the highest yields in infested plots.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Treatment
- phosphorous acide0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- +PFR sitee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants in the +PFR site had the highest yields in plots treated with phosphorous acid”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum produced the highest yields in infested plots.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Treatment
- gypsume0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- +PFR sitee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants in the +PFR site had the highest yields in plots treated with phosphorous acid or amended with gypsum”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost plots had the lowest yields in both infested and uninfested sites.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Treatment
- compost-amendede0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Setting
- both +PFR and –PFR sitese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compost-amended plots had the lowest yields in both +PFR and –PFR sites”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
A second field study confirmed a positive gypsum effect on raspberry growth and yield.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Treatment
- gypsume0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Setting
- infested sitee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A second field study confirmed the positive effect of gypsum on growth and yield of raspberries in an infested site”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Infested soil and flooding produced severe disease symptoms in Titan raspberries.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Material
- Titane0
- Outcome
- severe disease symptomse0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“`Titan' raspberries grown under greenhouse conditions in pots containing unamended soil from the infested site, then flooded, exhibited severe disease symptoms”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil pasteurization mostly prevented disease symptoms.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Treatment
- pasteurization of the soile0
- Outcome
- symptoms from developinge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pasteurization of the soil, treatment with phosphorous acid and metalaxyl fungicide, or gypsum amendment mostly prevented symptoms from developing”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorous acid mostly prevented disease symptoms.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Treatment
- phosphorous acide0
- Outcome
- symptoms from developinge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with phosphorous acid and metalaxyl fungicide, or gypsum amendment mostly prevented symptoms from developing”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Metalaxyl mostly prevented disease symptoms.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Treatment
- metalaxyl fungicidee0
- Outcome
- symptoms from developinge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with phosphorous acid and metalaxyl fungicide, or gypsum amendment mostly prevented symptoms from developing”
t0“Red Raspberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum mostly prevented disease symptoms.
- Taxon
- Red RaspberriesRubus idaeust0
- Treatment
- gypsum amendmente0
- Outcome
- symptoms from developinge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gypsum amendment mostly prevented symptoms from developing”
t0“Red Raspberries”
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- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.