Paper · 1996

Effect of Staggered Copper Sprays on Pre and Post-harvest Diseases of Avocado in KwaZulu-Natal Midlands

M. Boshoff; J. M. Kotzé; Lisé Korsten

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
2
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Copper sprays were applied at monthly intervals in a staggered-type sprays experiment in order to determine the optimum period for control of pre-and post-harvest diseases in Fuerte and Hass avocado cultivare. The critical periods for black spot on Fuerte appear to be later at Everdon Estate, KwaZulu-Natal than generally accepted for the rest of the industry. Anthracnose, Dothiorella / Colletotrichum fruit rot complex and stem-end rot were readily controlled with copper sprays on both cultivars. Copper sprays applied from November onwards should therefore be efficient for the control of post-harvest diseases. Neither production of Hass and Fuerte, nor fruit size distribution of Hass were significantly influenced by any amount of copper sprays.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The critical black spot period on Fuerte was later at Everdon Estate than generally accepted.

Taxon
AvocadoPersea americanat0
Material
Fuertee0
Outcome
critical periods for black spote0
Direction
latere0
Setting
Everdon Estate, KwaZulu-Natale0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Avocado”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–77 · show in text ↑
e0

“The critical periods for black spot on Fuerte appear to be later at Everdon Estate, KwaZulu-Natal than generally accepted for the rest of the industry.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 210–361 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Copper sprays controlled anthracnose in both cultivars.

Taxon
AvocadoPersea americanat0
Treatment
copper sprayse0
Outcome
Anthracnosee0
Direction
readily controllede0
Qualifier
both cultivarse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Avocado”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–77 · show in text ↑
e0

“Anthracnose, Dothiorella / Colletotrichum fruit rot complex and stem-end rot were readily controlled with copper sprays on both cultivars.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 362–500 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Copper sprays controlled Dothiorella / Colletotrichum fruit rot complex in both cultivars.

Taxon
AvocadoPersea americanat0
Treatment
copper sprayse0
Outcome
Dothiorella / Colletotrichum fruit rot complexe0
Direction
readily controllede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Avocado”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–77 · show in text ↑
e0

“Dothiorella / Colletotrichum fruit rot complex and stem-end rot were readily controlled with copper sprays on both cultivars.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 375–500 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Copper sprays controlled stem-end rot in both cultivars.

Taxon
AvocadoPersea americanat0
Treatment
copper sprayse0
Outcome
stem-end rote0
Direction
readily controllede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Avocado”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–77 · show in text ↑
e0

“stem-end rot were readily controlled with copper sprays on both cultivars.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 426–500 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend copper sprays from November for postharvest disease control.

Taxon
AvocadoPersea americanat0
Outcome
Copper sprays applied from November onwardse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Avocado”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–77 · show in text ↑
e0

“Copper sprays applied from November onwards should therefore be efficient for the control of post-harvest diseases.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 501–616 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Copper spray amount did not significantly affect Hass and Fuerte production.

Taxon
AvocadoPersea americanat0
Treatment
copper sprayse0
Outcome
production of Hass and Fuertee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Avocado”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–77 · show in text ↑
e0

“Neither production of Hass and Fuerte, nor fruit size distribution of Hass were significantly influenced by any amount of copper sprays.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–753 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Copper spray amount did not significantly affect Hass fruit size distribution.

Taxon
AvocadoPersea americanat0
Treatment
copper sprayse0
Outcome
fruit size distribution of Hasse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Avocado”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–77 · show in text ↑
e0

“fruit size distribution of Hass were significantly influenced by any amount of copper sprays.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 660–753 · show in text ↑

copper atom · disease · Persea americana (avocado)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 9 positive, 2 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

application · yield · Persea americana (avocado)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 10 positive, 1 negative or no effect

10 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

application · disease · Persea americana (avocado)Positive and negative results

12 papers: 7 positive, 5 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.