Abstract
In the olive Olea europaea (L.), the polyamides (PAs), putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, when added exogenously at a concentration of 1 m m in the in vitro rooting medium, combined with 5 μ m auxin concentration, promoted early rooting and increased the final rooting percentage and the number of roots per explant. The effect was less evident in olive explants rooted with the basal blanching method; thin-layer chromatography of total endogenous PAs in `these explants revealed lower levels on day 2 compared with controls, while by day 5 PA concentrations in both had fallen to similar levels. Furthermore, putrescine decreased the pH of the medium by 0.5 units around the explants. PAs had little effect on apple Malus pumila (Mill.) and no effect on almond Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb and pistachio Pistacia vera (L.). There were also some positive effects observed, but only in olive, when rooting was induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes in auxin-free medium. Few plantlets showed agropine-positive roots.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous polyamides with auxin promoted early olive rooting.
- Taxon
- olive Olea europaea (L.)
Olea europaeae0 - Treatment
- polyamides (PAs), putrescine, spermidine, and sperminee0
- Outcome
- early rootinge0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Setting
- in vitro rooting mediume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the olive Olea europaea (L.), the polyamides (PAs), putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, when added exogenously at a concentration of 1 m m in the in vitro rooting medium, combined with 5 μ m auxin concentration, promoted early rooting and increased the final rooting percentage and the number of roots per explant.”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous polyamides with auxin increased final olive rooting percentage and roots per explant.
- Taxon
- olive Olea europaea (L.)Olea europaeae0
- Treatment
- polyamides (PAs), putrescine, spermidine, and sperminee0
- Outcome
- final rooting percentage and the number of roots per explante0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the olive Olea europaea (L.), the polyamides (PAs), putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, when added exogenously at a concentration of 1 m m in the in vitro rooting medium, combined with 5 μ m auxin concentration, promoted early rooting and increased the final rooting percentage and the number of roots per explant.”
Claim · model-written summary
The polyamide effect was less evident in olive explants rooted by basal blanching.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae0
- Treatment
- basal blanching methode0
- Outcome
- effecte0
- Direction
- less evidente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect was less evident in olive explants rooted with the basal blanching method”
Claim · model-written summary
Endogenous polyamide levels in blanched olive explants were lower on day 2 than controls.
- Treatment
- `these explantse0
- Outcome
- total endogenous PAse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- day 2e0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“thin-layer chromatography of total endogenous PAs in `these explants revealed lower levels on day 2 compared with controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyamide concentrations in treated and control explants fell to similar levels by day 5.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“by day 5 PA concentrations in both had fallen to similar levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine lowered rooting-medium pH by 0.5 units around explants.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“putrescine decreased the pH of the medium by 0.5 units around the explants”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyamides had little effect on apple rooting.
- Taxon
- apple Malus pumila (Mill.)
Malus pumilae0 - Treatment
- PAse0
- Outcome
- effecte0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAs had little effect on apple Malus pumila (Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyamides had no effect on almond.
- Taxon
- almond Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb
Prunus dulcise0 - Treatment
- PAse0
- Outcome
- effecte0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAs had little effect on apple Malus pumila (Mill.) and no effect on almond Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyamides had no effect on pistachio.
- Taxon
- pistachio Pistacia vera (L.)
Pistacia verae0 - Treatment
- PAse0
- Outcome
- no effecte0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAs had little effect on apple Malus pumila (Mill.) and no effect on almond Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb and pistachio Pistacia vera (L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Agrobacterium rhizogenes induced some positive rooting effects only in olive in auxin-free medium.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae0
- Treatment
- Agrobacterium rhizogenese0
- Interactor
- Agrobacterium rhizogenese0other
- Outcome
- positive effectse0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Setting
- auxin-free mediume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were also some positive effects observed, but only in olive, when rooting was induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes in auxin-free medium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Few plantlets had agropine-positive roots.
- Outcome
- agropine-positive rootse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Few plantlets showed agropine-positive roots.”
The same questions in other papers
putrescine · growth · Olea europaea (common olive)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.