Abstract
The authors’ objectives were to determine whether gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) initially increases juice content of ‘Rohde Red’ valencia oranges and prevents or delays decreases in juice content after a freeze, and to determine whether there is an interaction between GA 3 , rootstock, and juice content. The experiment consisted of a 2 (+, –GA 3 ) × 3 (rootstock) factorial using a completely randomized design with 10 replications per treatment. Gibberellic acid was applied to mature ‘Rohde Red’ valencia [ Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] orange trees on three rootstocks— Citrus volkameriana Ten. & Pasq.(Volk), Swingle citumelo [ C. paradisi Macf. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.], and Carrizo citrange [ C. sinensis × P. trifoliata ]—at color break in Fall 2002, 2003, and 2004. Juice content, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), ratio of SSC to TA, and kilogram solids per box were determined at about 2-week intervals after several freezes. In 2002–03 and 2004–05, juice content in the fall was greater and the rate of decrease in juice content lower for GA 3 -treated fruit than nontreated fruit for about 8 weeks after a freeze. In contrast, in 2003–04, juice content and rate of decrease in juice content were not different between treatments. Juice content was lower for fruit from ‘Rohde Red’ trees on Volk compared with those on Carrizo and Swingle, and more important, the rate of decrease in juice content after a freeze was greatest for trees on Volk in all three seasons. Soluble solids content, TA, SSC-to-TA ratio, and kilogram solids generally were not effected by GA 3 treatment. Therefore, GA 3 application at color break in the fall generally increased juice content and slowed the rate of decrease in juice content after a freeze compared with nontreated fruit. In addition, juice content differed significantly with rootstock, but there was no GA 3 × rootstock interaction.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
GA3-treated fruit had greater juice content in the fall than nontreated fruit in 2002-03 and 2004-05.
- Taxon
- Valencia Oranges
Citrus sinensist0 - Treatment
- GA 3e1
- Outcome
- juice contente1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Qualifier
- for about 8 weeks after a freezee1
- Comparator
- nontreated fruite1
- Setting
- in the falle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e1“juice content in the fall was greater and the rate of decrease in juice content lower for GA 3 -treated fruit than nontreated fruit for about 8 weeks after a freeze”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3-treated fruit had a lower rate of decrease in juice content after a freeze than nontreated fruit in 2002-03 and 2004-05.
- Taxon
- Valencia OrangesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- GA 3e1
- Outcome
- rate of decrease in juice contente1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Qualifier
- for about 8 weeks after a freezee1
- Comparator
- nontreated fruite1
- Setting
- in the falle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e1“juice content in the fall was greater and the rate of decrease in juice content lower for GA 3 -treated fruit than nontreated fruit for about 8 weeks after a freeze”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2003-04, GA3 treatment did not change juice content or the rate of decrease in juice content compared with the other treatment.
- Taxon
- Valencia OrangesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Gibberellic acide3
- Outcome
- juice content and rate of decrease in juice contente2
- Direction
- not differente2
- Comparator
- between treatmentse2
- Setting
- in 2003–04e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e2“In contrast, in 2003–04, juice content and rate of decrease in juice content were not different between treatments”
e3“Gibberellic acid was applied to mature ‘Rohde Red’ valencia”
Claim · model-written summary
Juice content was lower for fruit on Volk rootstock than on Carrizo and Swingle rootstocks.
- Taxon
- Valencia OrangesCitrus sinensist0
- Material
- Rohde Rede4
- Treatment
- trees on Volke4
- Outcome
- juice contente4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Comparator
- those on Carrizo and Swinglee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e4“Juice content was lower for fruit from ‘Rohde Red’ trees on Volk compared with those on Carrizo and Swingle”
Claim · model-written summary
The rate of decrease in juice content after a freeze was greatest for trees on Volk in all three seasons.
- Taxon
- Valencia OrangesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- trees on Volke5
- Outcome
- rate of decrease in juice content after a freezee5
- Direction
- greateste5
- Qualifier
- in all three seasonse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e5“the rate of decrease in juice content after a freeze was greatest for trees on Volk in all three seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Juice content differed significantly with rootstock.
- Taxon
- Valencia OrangesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- rootstocke6
- Outcome
- juice contente6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e6“juice content differed significantly with rootstock”
Claim · model-written summary
There was no GA3 x rootstock interaction for juice content.
- Taxon
- Valencia OrangesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- GA 3 × rootstocke7
- Outcome
- juice contente7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e7“juice content differed significantly with rootstock, but there was no GA 3 × rootstock interaction”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 treatment did not affect soluble solids content, titratable acidity or SSC-to-TA ratio.
- Taxon
- Valencia OrangesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- GA 3 treatmente7
- Outcome
- Soluble solids content, TA, SSC-to-TA ratioe7
- Direction
- not effectede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e7“Soluble solids content, TA, SSC-to-TA ratio, and kilogram solids generally were not effected by GA 3 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 treatment did not affect kilogram solids per box.
- Taxon
- Valencia OrangesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- GA 3 treatmente7
- Outcome
- kilogram solidse7
- Direction
- not effectede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Valencia Oranges”
e7“Soluble solids content, TA, SSC-to-TA ratio, and kilogram solids generally were not effected by GA 3 treatment”
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3 in the opposite direction
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.