Abstract
The current investigation has been conducted during 2004 season at El– bustan, Nobaria, Egypt in sandy soil, to study the overall impact of irrigation water quantity (number of emitters per tree) and types of mulching on the slat and moisture distribution, yield productivity and field water use efficiency of apple trees. Three different amounts of applied irrigation water (16.9, 25.4 and 33.8 L/tree.day) and three different types of mulching (bare soil as control, cut grass and black plastic sheets) had been investigated in this study. 1. The results declared that increasing the quantity of irrigation water applied to apple trees tended to increase the soil moisture content and decrease the soil salinity for all different depths and mulching types. The mulching with black plastic sheets accomplished the minimum values of soil salinity for all quantities of water applied. 2. The maximum yield of apple (7900 kg/fed or 24.69 kg/tree) could be achieved by applying 33.8 L/tree.day (12 emitter per tree) and using black plastic sheets. Meanwhile, the highest value of field water use efficiency (3.54 kg/m3) has been obtained with 16.9 L/tree.day water applied and black plastic sheets. Meanwhile, the lowest value of FWUE (1.29 kg/m3) was obtained with applying 33.8 L/tree.day and using bare soil treatment. 3. Results also demonstrated that mulching with cut grass and applying 25.4 L/tree.day can be used without affecting physical and chemical properties in addition to uniformity of movement of the soil salt and moisture content, which can be used economically.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
More irrigation water increased soil moisture at all depths and under all mulch types.
- Taxon
- apple trees
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- increasing the quantity of irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- soil moisture contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- for all different depths and mulching typese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the quantity of irrigation water applied to apple trees tended to increase the soil moisture content and decrease the soil salinity for all different depths and mulching types.”
Claim · model-written summary
More irrigation water decreased soil salinity at all depths and under all mulch types.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- increasing the quantity of irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- soil salinitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- for all different depths and mulching typese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the quantity of irrigation water applied to apple trees tended to increase the soil moisture content and decrease the soil salinity for all different depths and mulching types.”
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch produced minimum soil salinity at every tested water quantity.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- black plastic sheetse0
- Outcome
- soil salinitye0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Qualifier
- for all quantities of water appliede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mulching with black plastic sheets accomplished the minimum values of soil salinity for all quantities of water applied.”
e1“applied to apple trees tended to increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Apple yield was maximal under 33.8 L/tree.day irrigation with black plastic mulch.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- 33.8 L/tree.day (12 emitter per tree) and using black plastic sheetse0
- Outcome
- yield of applee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 7900 kg/fed or 24.69 kg/treee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum yield of apple (7900 kg/fed or 24.69 kg/tree) could be achieved by applying 33.8 L/tree.day (12 emitter per tree) and using black plastic sheets.”
Claim · model-written summary
Field water use efficiency was highest at 16.9 L/tree.day with black plastic mulch.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- 16.9 L/tree.day water applied and black plastic sheetse0
- Outcome
- field water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.54 kg/m3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest value of field water use efficiency (3.54 kg/m3) has been obtained with 16.9 L/tree.day water applied and black plastic sheets.”
e1“applied to apple trees tended to increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Field water use efficiency was lowest at 33.8 L/tree.day with bare soil.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- 33.8 L/tree.day and using bare soil treatmente0
- Outcome
- FWUEe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 1.29 kg/m3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest value of FWUE (1.29 kg/m3) was obtained with applying 33.8 L/tree.day and using bare soil treatment.”
e1“applied to apple trees tended to increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Cut grass mulch with 25.4 L/tree.day irrigation did not affect physical and chemical soil properties.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- mulching with cut grass and applying 25.4 L/tree.daye0
- Outcome
- physical and chemical propertiese0
- Direction
- without affectinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mulching with cut grass and applying 25.4 L/tree.day can be used without affecting physical and chemical properties in addition to uniformity of movement of the soil salt and moisture content”
e1“applied to apple trees tended to increase”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend cut grass mulch and 25.4 L/tree.day irrigation as an economical option.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- mulching with cut grass and applying 25.4 L/tree.daye0
- Qualifier
- used economicallye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mulching with cut grass and applying 25.4 L/tree.day can be used without affecting physical and chemical properties in addition to uniformity of movement of the soil salt and moisture content, which can be used economically.”
e1“applied to apple trees tended to increase”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · quality: grain · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →irrigation · soil: chemistry · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.