Abstract
To investigate the comparative efficacy of different priming techniques and their effect on germination as well as seedling growth and development of cluster bean, a laboratory trial was conducted in the Allelopathy Laboratory of Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan, during 2010-11. The experimental design was complete randomized design (CRD) and was replicated four times. Eight seeds of cluster bean were placed in each petri dish. Cluster bean seeds were subjected to hydro priming, on-farm priming, halo priming with KNO and priming with two concentrations (2% and 5%) of Moringa leaf 3 extract as experimental treatments. A control treatment was kept for comparison. The results revealed that all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean. Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract was instrumental in decreasing time to start germination (1.8 days) and time taken to 50% germination (3.1 days). It also increased final germination percentage (90%) along with better root and shoot length. Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract also gave significantly higher root and shoot fresh weight (4.4 and 4.8 g respectively) and it was followed by 2% Moringa leaf extract. Hydro priming performed better than on-farm priming and halo priming with KNO but was much less significant than either 3 concentration of Moringa leaf extract.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
All priming techniques increased germination, growth and development of cluster bean relative to the control.
- Taxon
- cluster bean
Cyamopsis tetragonolobae1 - Treatment
- priming techniquese1
- Outcome
- germination as well as growth and developmente1
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean”
e2“A control treatment was kept for comparison”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract shortened the time to start germination of cluster bean (1.8 days).
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae1
- Treatment
- 5% Moringa leaf extracte3
- Outcome
- time to start germinatione3
- Direction
- decreasinge3
- Value
- 1.8 dayse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean”
e3“Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract was instrumental in decreasing time to start germination (1.8 days) and time taken to 50% germination (3.1 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract shortened the time taken to 50% germination of cluster bean (3.1 days).
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae1
- Treatment
- 5% Moringa leaf extracte3
- Outcome
- time taken to 50% germinatione3
- Direction
- decreasinge3
- Value
- 3.1 dayse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean”
e3“Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract was instrumental in decreasing time to start germination (1.8 days) and time taken to 50% germination (3.1 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract increased final germination percentage of cluster bean (90%).
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae1
- Treatment
- 5% Moringa leaf extracte3
- Outcome
- final germination percentagee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 90%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean”
e3“Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract was instrumental in decreasing time to start germination (1.8 days) and time taken to 50% germination (3.1 days)”
e4“It also increased final germination percentage (90%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract significantly increased root and shoot fresh weight of cluster bean (4.4 and 4.8 g respectively).
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae1
- Treatment
- 5% Moringa leaf extracte5
- Outcome
- root and shoot fresh weighte5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 4.4 and 4.8 g respectivelye5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean”
e5“Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract also gave significantly higher root and shoot fresh weight (4.4 and 4.8 g respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 2% Moringa leaf extract ranked second after 5% Moringa leaf extract for root and shoot fresh weight of cluster bean.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae1
- Treatment
- 2% Moringa leaf extracte6
- Outcome
- root and shoot fresh weighte5
- Direction
- followed bye6
- Comparator
- 5% Moringa leaf extracte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean”
e5“Priming with 5% Moringa leaf extract also gave significantly higher root and shoot fresh weight (4.4 and 4.8 g respectively)”
e6“it was followed by 2% Moringa leaf extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydro priming performed better than on-farm priming and halo priming with KNO in cluster bean.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae1
- Treatment
- Hydro priminge7
- Outcome
- performed bettere7
- Direction
- bettere7
- Comparator
- on-farm priming and halo priming with KNOe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean”
e7“Hydro priming performed better than on-farm priming and halo priming with KNO”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydro priming was much less effective than the three concentrations of Moringa leaf extract in cluster bean.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae1
- Treatment
- Hydro priminge7
- Outcome
- much less significante6
- Direction
- lesse6
- Comparator
- 3 concentration of Moringa leaf extracte6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all priming techniques were effective in increasing the germination as well as growth and development of cluster bean”
e7“Hydro priming performed better than on-farm priming and halo priming with KNO”
e6“but was much less significant than either 3 concentration of Moringa leaf extract”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · growth · Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →seed treatment · growth · Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.