Abstract
The effects of various organic amendments, fertilisers and fenamiphos on the growth of tomatoes were compared in pots containing soil naturally infested with the plant parasitic nematodes Meloidogyne javanica, Paratrichodorus sp. and Criconemella xenoplax and free living nematodes. Organic amendments (at 3.2-14 t Dry Matter/ha, or 10,270 l molasses/ha) were added to the soil six weeks before transplanting tomato cv. Grosse Lisse. Soils amended with grassy weed residues, barley residues, lucerne pellets, molasses, two commercial organic fertilisers, or with complete fertiliser stimulated stem growth of tomato plants. Root growth was stimulated in plants grown in soil amended with molasses; this was correlated with an increased root gall index, but M. javanica densities in soil and roots were not elevated. Root gall index was also increased in plants grown with complete fertiliser. Fruit yield was stimulated in plants grown in soil amended or treated with grassy weed residues, lucerne pellets, complete fertiliser or fenamiphos; yields were 740% higher in plants grown in soil amended with grassy weed residues than in plants grown in unamended soil with an equivalent rate of urea. Shredded paper and potato peel caused N deficiency and poor growth, and sudden collapse was observed in plants growing in soil amended with potato peel, due to infection of stem bases by Pythium sp. Pea straw was resistant to breakdown, and inhibited plant growth. Lucerne pellets, a pig manure-based organic fertiliser, and fenamiphos reduced densities of M. javanica in soil; lucerne pellets, composted green waste and fenamiphos reduced densities of M. javanica on tomato roots. Densities of Paratrichodorus sp. were reduced in soil amended with all solid organic materials, or with molasses. Criconemella xenoplax densities remained low in all treatments. Of soil amendments and treatments that did not inhibit plant growth, only grassy weed residues, lucerne pellets and poultry manure maintained elevated densities of freeliving nematodes in soil up to harvest. Grassy weed residues and lucerne pellets have potential for stimulating tomato growth, and/or reducing M. javanica densities, while increasing densities of free-living nematodes.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Several amendments and complete fertiliser stimulated tomato stem growth.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- grassy weed residues, barley residues, lucerne pellets, molasses, two commercial organic fertilisers, or with complete fertilisere0
- Outcome
- stem growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soils amended with grassy weed residues, barley residues, lucerne pellets, molasses, two commercial organic fertilisers, or with complete fertiliser stimulated stem growth of tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Molasses stimulated tomato root growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- molassese0
- Outcome
- Root growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root growth was stimulated in plants grown in soil amended with molasses; this was correlated with an increased root gall index, but M. javanica densities in soil and roots were not elevated.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Molasses treatment was associated with an increased root gall index.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- molassese0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- root gall indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root growth was stimulated in plants grown in soil amended with molasses; this was correlated with an increased root gall index, but M. javanica densities in soil and roots were not elevated.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
M. javanica densities in soil and roots were not elevated under molasses treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- molassese0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- M. javanica densities in soil and rootse0
- Direction
- not elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root growth was stimulated in plants grown in soil amended with molasses; this was correlated with an increased root gall index, but M. javanica densities in soil and roots were not elevated.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Complete fertiliser increased tomato root gall index.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- complete fertilisere0
- Outcome
- Root gall indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root gall index was also increased in plants grown with complete fertiliser.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Several amendments and fenamiphos stimulated tomato fruit yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grassy weed residues, lucerne pellets, complete fertiliser or fenamiphose0
- Outcome
- Fruit yielde0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit yield was stimulated in plants grown in soil amended or treated with grassy weed residues, lucerne pellets, complete fertiliser or fenamiphos; yields were 740% higher in plants grown in soil amended with grassy weed residues than in plants grown in unamended soil with an equivalent rate of urea.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Grassy weed residues raised tomato yield by 740% versus unamended soil with equivalent urea.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grassy weed residuese0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 740%e0
- Comparator
- unamended soil with an equivalent rate of ureae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields were 740% higher in plants grown in soil amended with grassy weed residues than in plants grown in unamended soil with an equivalent rate of urea.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Shredded paper caused nitrogen deficiency and poor tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Shredded papere0
- Outcome
- N deficiency and poor growthe0
- Direction
- poore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shredded paper and potato peel caused N deficiency and poor growth, and sudden collapse was observed in plants growing in soil amended with potato peel, due to infection of stem bases by Pythium sp.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato peel caused nitrogen deficiency and poor tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- potato peele0
- Outcome
- N deficiency and poor growthe0
- Direction
- poore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shredded paper and potato peel caused N deficiency and poor growth, and sudden collapse was observed in plants growing in soil amended with potato peel, due to infection of stem bases by Pythium sp.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomatoes in potato peel amended soil collapsed after Pythium infection of stem bases.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- stem basese0
- Treatment
- potato peele0
- Outcome
- sudden collapsee0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PythiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“sudden collapse was observed in plants growing in soil amended with potato peel, due to infection of stem bases by Pythium sp.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea straw resisted breakdown and inhibited tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Pea strawe0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pea straw was resistant to breakdown, and inhibited plant growth.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Lucerne pellets reduced soil M. javanica densities.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Lucerne pelletse0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- densities of M. javanica in soile0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lucerne pellets, a pig manure-based organic fertiliser, and fenamiphos reduced densities of M. javanica in soil;”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Pig manure-based organic fertiliser reduced soil M. javanica densities.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- a pig manure-based organic fertilisere0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- densities of M. javanica in soile0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lucerne pellets, a pig manure-based organic fertiliser, and fenamiphos reduced densities of M. javanica in soil;”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenamiphos reduced soil M. javanica densities.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- fenamiphose0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- densities of M. javanica in soile0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lucerne pellets, a pig manure-based organic fertiliser, and fenamiphos reduced densities of M. javanica in soil;”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Lucerne pellets reduced M. javanica densities on tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lucerne pelletse0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- densities of M. javanica on tomato rootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lucerne pellets, composted green waste and fenamiphos reduced densities of M. javanica on tomato roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Composted green waste reduced M. javanica densities on tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- composted green wastee0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- densities of M. javanica on tomato rootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lucerne pellets, composted green waste and fenamiphos reduced densities of M. javanica on tomato roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenamiphos reduced M. javanica densities on tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- fenamiphose0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- densities of M. javanica on tomato rootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lucerne pellets, composted green waste and fenamiphos reduced densities of M. javanica on tomato roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Solid organic materials and molasses reduced soil Paratrichodorus densities.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- all solid organic materials, or with molassese0
- Interactor
- Paratrichodorus sp.Paratrichodoruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Densities of Paratrichodorus sp.e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Densities of Paratrichodorus sp. were reduced in soil amended with all solid organic materials, or with molasses.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Criconemella xenoplax densities stayed low in all treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Criconemella xenoplaxMesocriconema xenoplaxe0pathogen
- Outcome
- Criconemella xenoplax densitiese0
- Direction
- remained lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Criconemella xenoplax densities remained low in all treatments.”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Grassy weed residues, lucerne pellets and poultry manure maintained elevated free-living nematode densities to harvest.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grassy weed residues, lucerne pellets and poultry manuree0
- Interactor
- freeliving nematodese0other
- Outcome
- densities of freeliving nematodes in soile0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Qualifier
- up to harveste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only grassy weed residues, lucerne pellets and poultry manure maintained elevated densities of freeliving nematodes in soil up to harvest.”
t0“TOMATO”
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fenamiphos · Meloidogyne javanica · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
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molasses · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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fenamiphos · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
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See all 19 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.