Abstract
Two field studies were conducted to determine whether foliar kaolin clay applications would reduce water volumes during the establishment of bare-root strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) transplants. Transplant establishment treatments resulted from combinations of duration of sprinkler irrigation and foliar application of kaolin clay were: a) 4 days of sprinkler irrigation, b) 4 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 5, c) 6 days of sprinkler irrigation, d) 6 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 7, e) 8 days of sprinkler irrigation, f) 8 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 9, and g) 10 days of sprinkler irrigation (control). One day of sprinkler irrigation was defined as the application of 8 hours per day of irrigation to ensure plant establishment, using ≈6000 gal/acre per hour of water. Kaolin clay treatments were applied using a rate of 25 lb/acre and on the early morning of the following day after sprinkler irrigation was suspended. Treatments influenced the number of established plants and diameter at 4 and 8 weeks after transplanting (WAT), leaf greenness at 8 WAT, and early and total fruit weight. There were no differences in the number of established plants among treatments that received 10 days of sprinkler irrigation (control), 8 days of sprinkler irrigation followed by kaolin clay on day 9, and 6 days of sprinkler irrigation followed by kaolin clay on day 7, ranged between 97% and 98% plant survival. The highest strawberry early and total fruit weights (3.6 and 15.7 tons/acre, respectively) occurred in plots transplanted with either 6 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 7, 8 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 9, or 10 days of sprinkler irrigation. These data indicated that the addition to kaolin clay after 6 or 8 days of sprinkler irrigation improved strawberry establishment, growth, and yields to the same levels as the control treatment, while saving at least 20% of the water volume needed for establishment.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation and kaolin treatments influenced plant establishment and diameter at four and eight weeks.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae1 - Treatment
- Treatmentse0
- Outcome
- number of established plants and diametere0
- Qualifier
- at 4 and 8 weeks after transplanting (WAT)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Treatments influenced the number of established plants and diameter at 4 and 8 weeks after transplanting (WAT)”
e1“strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments influenced leaf greenness at eight weeks.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae2
- Treatment
- Treatmentse1
- Outcome
- leaf greenness at 8 WATe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf greenness at 8 WAT”
e1“Treatments influenced the number of established plants and diameter at 4 and 8 weeks after transplanting (WAT), leaf greenness at 8 WAT, and early and total fruit weight.”
e2“strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments influenced early and total fruit weight.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- Treatmentse0
- Outcome
- early and total fruit weighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatments influenced the number of established plants and diameter at 4 and 8 weeks after transplanting (WAT), leaf greenness at 8 WAT, and early and total fruit weight.”
e1“strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Six days of irrigation plus kaolin gave 97–98% plant survival, similar to the ten-day control.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- 6 days of sprinkler irrigation followed by kaolin clay on day 7e0
- Outcome
- number of established plantse0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Value
- 97% and 98% plant survivale0
- Comparator
- 10 days of sprinkler irrigation (control)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no differences in the number of established plants among treatments that received 10 days of sprinkler irrigation (control), 8 days of sprinkler irrigation followed by kaolin clay on day 9, and 6 days of sprinkler irrigation followed by kaolin clay on day 7, ranged between 97% and 98% plant survival.”
e1“strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight days of irrigation plus kaolin gave 97–98% plant survival, similar to the ten-day control.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- 8 days of sprinkler irrigation followed by kaolin clay on day 9e0
- Outcome
- number of established plantse0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Value
- 97% and 98% plant survivale0
- Comparator
- 10 days of sprinkler irrigation (control)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no differences in the number of established plants among treatments that received 10 days of sprinkler irrigation (control), 8 days of sprinkler irrigation followed by kaolin clay on day 9, and 6 days of sprinkler irrigation followed by kaolin clay on day 7, ranged between 97% and 98% plant survival.”
e1“strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Six days of irrigation plus kaolin was among treatments with the highest early strawberry fruit weight, 3.6 tons/acre.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 6 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 7e0
- Outcome
- earlye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.6 and 15.7 tons/acree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest strawberry early and total fruit weights (3.6 and 15.7 tons/acre, respectively) occurred in plots transplanted with either 6 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 7, 8 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 9, or 10 days of sprinkler irrigation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight days of irrigation plus kaolin was among treatments with the highest early strawberry fruit weight.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 8 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 9e0
- Outcome
- earlye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.6 and 15.7 tons/acree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest strawberry early and total fruit weights (3.6 and 15.7 tons/acre, respectively) occurred in plots transplanted with either 6 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 7, 8 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 9, or 10 days of sprinkler irrigation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Six days of irrigation plus kaolin was among treatments with the highest total strawberry fruit weight.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 6 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 7e0
- Outcome
- total fruit weightse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.6 and 15.7 tons/acree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest strawberry early and total fruit weights (3.6 and 15.7 tons/acre, respectively) occurred in plots transplanted with either 6 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 7, 8 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 9, or 10 days of sprinkler irrigation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight days of irrigation plus kaolin was among treatments with the highest total strawberry fruit weight.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 8 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 9e0
- Outcome
- total fruit weightse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.6 and 15.7 tons/acree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest strawberry early and total fruit weights (3.6 and 15.7 tons/acre, respectively) occurred in plots transplanted with either 6 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 7, 8 days of sprinkler irrigation plus kaolin clay on day 9, or 10 days of sprinkler irrigation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Kaolin after six days of irrigation brought establishment, growth and yield to control levels while saving at least 20% of establishment water.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- kaolin clay after 6 or 8 days of sprinkler irrigatione0
- Outcome
- water volume needed for establishmente0
- Direction
- savinge0
- Value
- at least 20%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition to kaolin clay after 6 or 8 days of sprinkler irrigation improved strawberry establishment, growth, and yields to the same levels as the control treatment, while saving at least 20% of the water volume needed for establishment.”
The same questions in other papers
kaolin · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
irrigation · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.