Abstract
The effects of tillage system and fertilization practice on soybean grain infection with fungi were examined during three year period (2008, 2009 and 2010). Stationary research of reduced soil tillage was conducted, on marsh gley (eugley) hydromeliorated soil type in eastern Croatia. Ten fungal genera were determined: Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Fusarium, Peronospora, Cercospora, Diaporthe, Colletotrichum and Curvularia. The percentage of fungi from genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis in 2010 was 15.06 while in 2008 and 2009 these percentages were significantly lower, 0.89 and 0.18 respectively. The number of Diaporthe/Phomopsis species was significantly higher with reduced tillage and no-tillage compared to conventional tillage and percentage of infected grains increased with the amount of fertilizer (nitrogen). The most important factors affecting the infection level were amount and timing of precipitation and temperature. In those circumstances some soybean pathogens could appear in higher percentage in reduced tillage. In year 2008 with usual amount of precipitation and in extremely dry and hot 2009 there was no significant differences between reduced and conventional tillage and amount of fertilizer in soybean grain infection with important fungal pathogens.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Ten fungal genera were found in soybean grain.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- Ten fungal generae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ten fungal genera were determined: Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Fusarium, Peronospora, Cercospora, Diaporthe, Colletotrichum and Curvularia.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Diaporthe/Phomopsis prevalence was 15.06 in 2010, significantly above 2008 and 2009.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- percentage of fungi from genus Diaporthe/Phomopsise0
- Value
- 15.06e0
- Qualifier
- 0.89 and 0.18e0
- Comparator
- 2008 and 2009e0
Phomopsis
DiaportheOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage of fungi from genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis in 2010 was 15.06 while in 2008 and 2009 these percentages were significantly lower, 0.89 and 0.18 respectively.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage and no-tillage had more Diaporthe/Phomopsis species than conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- reduced tillage and no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- number of Diaporthe/Phomopsis speciese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of Diaporthe/Phomopsis species was significantly higher with reduced tillage and no-tillage compared to conventional tillage”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected grains increased with fertilizer nitrogen amount.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- amount of fertilizer (nitrogen)e0
- Outcome
- percentage of infected grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“percentage of infected grains increased with the amount of fertilizer (nitrogen)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Precipitation amount and timing and temperature were the leading factors in infection level.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- infection levele0
- Setting
- amount and timing of precipitation and temperaturee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most important factors affecting the infection level were amount and timing of precipitation and temperature.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Some soybean pathogens could have greater prevalence under reduced tillage in those circumstances.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- reduced tillagee0
- Outcome
- soybean pathogens could appear in higher percentagee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- In those circumstancese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In those circumstances some soybean pathogens could appear in higher percentage in reduced tillage.”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2008 and 2009 soybean grain infection did not differ significantly across tillage or fertilizer levels.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- reducede0
- Outcome
- soybean grain infection with important fungal pathogense0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Qualifier
- In year 2008 with usual amount of precipitation and in extremely dry and hot 2009e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In year 2008 with usual amount of precipitation and in extremely dry and hot 2009 there was no significant differences between reduced and conventional tillage and amount of fertilizer in soybean grain infection with important fungal pathogens.”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · Phomopsis · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.