Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the dead mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum at 900-1,500 kg ha–1 effectively controlled Fusarium and Verticillium wilt of cotton. Our objective was to determine if the dead mycelium is also effective at lower rates under a cotton seedling transplanting system. Columned soil blocks (500 g each), made of fertile soil alone in the first experiment, and both soil and dead mycelium at varying rates in the second experiment, were sown with cotton seeds in 2006 and 2007. Seedlings in the mycelium-free blocks were drenched with aqueous extract of the dead mycelium after full emergence, and then transplanted to a saline field. The disease severity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum and Verticillium dahliae, leaf chlorophyll and malondialdehyde concentrations, leaf photosynthetic rate and lint yield of the transplanted plants were determined. The aqueous extract at a rate of 1 to 5% provided 18.6 to 25.6% protection against Fusarium wilt but not against Verticillium wilt. Lint yield was slightly increased with the aqueous extract in 2006, but not in 2007. The incorporation of the dead mycelium to soil blocks before sowing was effective in controlling both the Fusarium and Verticillium wilts of cotton. Dead mycelium applied at 1 to 3% (w/w) provided 26-30% protection against Fusarium wilt and 48-50% protection against Verticillium wilt, and increased lint yield by 13-14%. Such incorporation also delayed leaf senescence as indicated by the increased leaf photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content, and reduced malondialdehyde concentrations. Incorporation of the dead mycelium of P. chrysogenum into soil blocks at a relatively lower rate (270 kg ha–1) would be an effective application mode for wilt control in sustainable cotton production.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extract gave 18.6 to 25.6% protection against Fusarium wilt.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- aqueous extract at a rate of 1 to 5%e0
- Outcome
- Fusarium wilte0
- Direction
- protectione0
- Value
- 18.6 to 25.6%e0
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The aqueous extract at a rate of 1 to 5% provided 18.6 to 25.6% protection against Fusarium wilt”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extract did not protect against Verticillium wilt.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracte0
- Interactor
- VerticilliumVerticilliume0pathogen
- Outcome
- Verticillium wilte0
- Direction
- note0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The aqueous extract at a rate of 1 to 5% provided 18.6 to 25.6% protection against Fusarium wilt but not against Verticillium wilt”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extract slightly increased lint yield in 2006.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracte0
- Outcome
- Lint yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in 2006e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lint yield was slightly increased with the aqueous extract in 2006”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extract did not increase lint yield in 2007.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracte0
- Outcome
- Lint yielde0
- Direction
- note0
- Qualifier
- in 2007e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lint yield was slightly increased with the aqueous extract in 2006, but not in 2007”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Dead mycelium at 1 to 3% gave 26-30% protection against Fusarium wilt.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Dead mycelium applied at 1 to 3% (w/w)e0
- Outcome
- Fusarium wilte0
- Direction
- protectione0
- Value
- 26-30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dead mycelium applied at 1 to 3% (w/w) provided 26-30% protection against Fusarium wilt”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Dead mycelium at 1 to 3% gave 48-50% protection against Verticillium wilt.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Dead mycelium applied at 1 to 3% (w/w)e0
- Interactor
- VerticilliumVerticilliume0pathogen
- Outcome
- Verticillium wilte0
- Direction
- protectione0
- Value
- 48-50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dead mycelium applied at 1 to 3% (w/w) provided 26-30% protection against Fusarium wilt and 48-50% protection against Verticillium wilt”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Dead mycelium increased lint yield by 13-14%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Dead myceliume0
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13-14%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dead mycelium applied at 1 to 3% (w/w) provided 26-30% protection against Fusarium wilt and 48-50% protection against Verticillium wilt, and increased lint yield by 13-14%”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Dead mycelium delayed leaf senescence with increased photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- Such incorporatione0
- Outcome
- leaf photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such incorporation also delayed leaf senescence as indicated by the increased leaf photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Dead mycelium reduced malondialdehyde concentrations.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- incorporatione0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde concentrationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such incorporation also delayed leaf senescence as indicated by the increased leaf photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content, and reduced malondialdehyde concentrations”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend soil block incorporation at 270 kg ha–1 for wilt control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Incorporation of the dead mycelium of P. chrysogenum into soil blocks at a relatively lower rate (270 kg ha–1)e0
- Interactor
- P. chrysogenum
Penicillium chrysogenume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- wilt controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of the dead mycelium of P. chrysogenum into soil blocks at a relatively lower rate (270 kg ha–1) would be an effective application mode for wilt control in sustainable cotton production”
t0“cotton”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · Verticillium · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
botanical · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.