Abstract
Foliar application of N to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a common practice, but there is a lack of published information concerning the absorption and translocation of the N by the cotton plant. Field studies were conducted to study the characteristics of the cotton leaf cuticle, the effects of water deficit stress, and the absorption of foliar-applied nitrogen. Water stress increased the cuticle thickness by 33% and also changed the qualitative composition of cuticular waxes to more long chain molecular waxes of greater hydrophobicity that reduced fertilizer absorption. The thickness of the leaf cuticle increased with leaf age and this was correlated with a decrease in absorption of foliar-applied 15N-urea. Applications made either late afternoon or early morning were more effectively absorbed than those made at mid-day, and this was more pronounced for water-stressed plants. Foliar-applied urea N was rapidly taken up by the sympodial leaf, with 30%, 47% and 70% recovery within 1 h, 24 h and 192 h after application, respectively. Rapidly developing fruits were the major sinks for foliar-applied N with the boll closer to the site of application being the strongest sink. The percentage of 15N recovered in the petioles, bracts, branches, main-stem leaves was negligible. These studies showed that foliar-applied urea is readily absorbed by the cotton plant and translocated to the closest developing fruit.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress increased cotton cuticle thickness by 33%.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- Water stresse0
- Outcome
- cuticle thicknesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water stress increased the cuticle thickness by 33%”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress shifted cuticular waxes toward longer chain, more hydrophobic molecules.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Water stresse0
- Outcome
- qualitative composition of cuticular waxese0
- Direction
- changede0
- Qualifier
- more long chain molecular waxes of greater hydrophobicitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water stress increased the cuticle thickness by 33% and also changed the qualitative composition of cuticular waxes to more long chain molecular waxes of greater hydrophobicity”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The hydrophobic wax change reduced fertilizer absorption.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- fertilizer absorptione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- more long chain molecular waxes of greater hydrophobicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more long chain molecular waxes of greater hydrophobicity that reduced fertilizer absorption.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf cuticle thickness increased with leaf age.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaf agee0
- Outcome
- thickness of the leaf cuticlee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The thickness of the leaf cuticle increased with leaf age”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater leaf age and cuticle thickness correlated with lower absorption of foliar 15N-urea.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaf cuticlee0
- Outcome
- absorption of foliar-applied 15N-ureae0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The thickness of the leaf cuticle increased with leaf age and this was correlated with a decrease in absorption of foliar-applied 15N-urea.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Late afternoon applications were absorbed more effectively than midday applications.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- late afternoone0
- Outcome
- absorbede0
- Direction
- more effectivelye0
- Comparator
- mid-daye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications made either late afternoon or early morning were more effectively absorbed than those made at mid-day”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Early morning applications were absorbed more effectively than midday applications.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- early morninge0
- Outcome
- absorbede0
- Direction
- more effectivelye0
- Comparator
- mid-daye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications made either late afternoon or early morning were more effectively absorbed than those made at mid-day”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The application time difference was stronger in water-stressed plants.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- more pronouncede0
- Qualifier
- water-stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this was more pronounced for water-stressed plants.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Sympodial leaves recovered 30% of applied urea N within 1 h.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- sympodial leafe0
- Outcome
- recoverye0
- Value
- 30%e0
- Qualifier
- 1 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar-applied urea N was rapidly taken up by the sympodial leaf, with 30%, 47% and 70% recovery within 1 h, 24 h and 192 h after application, respectively.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Sympodial leaves recovered 47% of applied urea N within 24 h.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- sympodial leafe0
- Outcome
- recoverye0
- Value
- 47%e0
- Qualifier
- 24 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar-applied urea N was rapidly taken up by the sympodial leaf, with 30%, 47% and 70% recovery within 1 h, 24 h and 192 h after application, respectively.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Sympodial leaves recovered 70% of applied urea N within 192 h.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- sympodial leafe0
- Outcome
- recoverye0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Qualifier
- 192 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar-applied urea N was rapidly taken up by the sympodial leaf, with 30%, 47% and 70% recovery within 1 h, 24 h and 192 h after application, respectively.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Developing fruits were the main sinks of foliar applied nitrogen.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- Rapidly developing fruitse0
- Outcome
- major sinks for foliar-applied Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rapidly developing fruits were the major sinks for foliar-applied N”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The boll nearest application was the strongest nitrogen sink.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- bolle0
- Outcome
- strongest sinke0
- Qualifier
- closer to the site of applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the boll closer to the site of application being the strongest sink.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Recovery of 15N in petioles, bracts, branches and main stem leaves was negligible.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- petioles, bracts, branches, main-stem leavese0
- Outcome
- percentage of 15N recoverede0
- Direction
- negligiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage of 15N recovered in the petioles, bracts, branches, main-stem leaves was negligible.”
t0“Cotton”
The same questions in other papers
drought · quality: general · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.