Abstract
Abstract Sowthistles, S onchus arvensis , S . asper and S . oleraceus ( A steraceae), are serious weeds that impact on crop production in many regions of the world. A recently described eriophyid mite, A ceria thalgi from S onchus species found in southern A ustralia, was assessed for its potential as a biological control agent for these weeds. Glasshouse host range testing and field observations of 11 species from seven genera from the L actuceae tribe of A steraceae showed that A . thalgi survived only on plants within the S onchinae subtribe ( S . asper , S . oleraceus and S . hydrophilus ) and not on the closely related A ctites megalocarpus , R eichardia tingitana or other test plants. Under glasshouse conditions and varying plant ages, A . thalgi infestation caused significant growth reduction of the exotic species S . oleraceus (up to 97%) and, to a lesser extent, the A ustralian native S . hydrophilus (up to 33%). Six temperatures from 9.1 to 33.7°C were used to determine population growth parameters for A . thalgi . The range of temperatures suitable for population growth was used to modify a CLIMEX model based on its host S . oleraceus . The projected world distribution of the CLIMEX model indicates that the mite could establish in some areas of N orth A merica, making it a possibility for an augmentative approach to biological control of S onchus spp. in that region. The model confirms the potential for a widespread distribution of A . thalgi in southern A ustralia where it could be considered for a conservative approach to biological control of S onchus spp. in cropping systems.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
A. thalgi survived only on Sonchinae test plants.
- Taxon
- S . asper
_Sonchus_asper_-_Plant_habit.jpg?width=60)
Sonchus aspere0 - Interactor
- A . thalgiAceria thalgie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- A . thalgi survived only on plants within the S onchinae subtribee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Sonchus_asper_-_Plant_habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“A . thalgi survived only on plants within the S onchinae subtribe ( S . asper , S . oleraceus and S . hydrophilus ) and not on the closely related A ctites megalocarpus , R eichardia tingitana or other test plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Mite infestation reduced S. oleraceus growth by up to 97%.
- Taxon
- S . oleraceus
Sonchus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- A . thalgi infestatione0
- Interactor
- A . thalgiAceria thalgie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- up to 97%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A . thalgi infestation caused significant growth reduction of the exotic species S . oleraceus (up to 97%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mite infestation reduced S. hydrophilus growth by up to 33%.
- Taxon
- S . hydrophilus
.jpg?width=60)
Sonchus hydrophiluse0 - Treatment
- A . thalgi infestatione0
- Interactor
- A . thalgiAceria thalgie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth reductione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- up to 33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“A . thalgi infestation caused significant growth reduction of the exotic species S . oleraceus (up to 97%) and, to a lesser extent, the A ustralian native S . hydrophilus (up to 33%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The model projected mite establishment in parts of North America.
SonchusNot reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The projected world distribution of the CLIMEX model indicates that the mite could establish in some areas of N orth A merica”
t0“Sonchus species”