Paper · 1957 · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)

Serpentine leaf miner damage: Spinach losses in 1956 recall cyclic attacks by pests and need of both insecticides and natural enemies for control

W. Lange; A. A. Grigarick; E Carlson

2
claims
4
verbatim quotes
5
citations
2
research areas
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Open access · cc-by-sa

Abstract

A small leaf-mining agromyzid fly of omnivorous tastes—Liriomyza langei Frick—caused a 50% loss to fall spinach in the Salinas Valley in 1956. The unofficial allowable tolerance for larvae could not be met in many instances with as many as six weekly applications of combination phosphate and chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides at a total cost of $60 an acre.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-sa. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 2

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Liriomyza langei caused 50% loss in fall spinach in Salinas Valley in 1956.

Interactor
Liriomyza langei FrickLiriomyza langeie0pest
Outcome
loss to fall spinache0
Value
50%e0
Qualifier
in 1956e0
Setting
Salinas Valleye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Spinacia oleracea
Spinacia oleracea · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Spinach”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 30–37 · show in text ↑
e0

“Liriomyza langei Frick—caused a 50% loss to fall spinach in the Salinas Valley in 1956”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 55–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Up to six weekly insecticide applications often failed to meet the allowable larval tolerance.

Treatment
six weekly applications of combination phosphate and chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticidese0
Outcome
unofficial allowable tolerance for larvae could not be mete0
Value
$60 an acree0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Spinacia oleracea
Spinacia oleracea · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Spinach”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 30–37 · show in text ↑
e0

“The unofficial allowable tolerance for larvae could not be met in many instances with as many as six weekly applications of combination phosphate and chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides at a total cost of $60 an acre”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 143–360 · show in text ↑

phosphorus · disease · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.