Abstract
Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared during a 3-year cropping phase on a red-brown earth which had previously supported subterranean clover. Direct-drilled wheat after long and short herbicide fallows yielded as well as wheat after cultivated fallow, and differed only in terms of small reductions (averaging 12%) in early plant growth. Non-fallow direct-drill crops had, compared with fallow crops, significantly less soil water (34 mm) and mineral nitrogen (30 kg/ha) at sowing in the first season, but not in later ones. However, they always showed reduced early plant growth, averaging 28% less than cultivated crops, and despite a subsequent narrowing of relative differences in growth gave significantly lower (15%) grain yields in the two wetter seasons; only in the second year, a severe drought causing very low yields, did they produce yields equal to those of fallow plots. The use of narrow combine points in direct drilling, giving incomplete soil disturbance, gave yields equal to those obtained with standard points and complete disturbance of the soil surface. However direct drilling with retained stubble - gave lower yields in a wet season. Averaged over 3 seasons, cultivated fallow yielded 2.54 t/ha, herbicide fallow 2.41 t/ha and non-fallow direct drill with stubble burning 2.17 t/ha. It was concluded that non-fallow direct-drill yields suffered because of reduced presowing water storage and reduced early growth, the latter effect was of less final consequence when the spring was dry.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Direct-drilled wheat after long and short herbicide fallows yielded as well as wheat after cultivated fallow.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Direct-drillede1
- Outcome
- yieldede1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- cultivated fallowe1
- Setting
- southern New South Walest0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e1“Direct-drilled wheat after long and short herbicide fallows yielded as well as wheat after cultivated fallow”
t0“wheat in southern New South Wales”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct-drilled wheat after herbicide fallows showed small reductions (averaging 12%) in early plant growth compared with cultivated fallow.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Direct-drillede1
- Outcome
- early plant growthe1
- Direction
- reductionse1
- Value
- 12%e1
- Comparator
- cultivated fallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e1“Direct-drilled wheat after long and short herbicide fallows yielded as well as wheat after cultivated fallow, and differed only in terms of small reductions (averaging 12%) in early plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-fallow direct-drill crops had significantly less soil water (34 mm) at sowing in the first season than fallow crops.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Non-fallow direct-drille2
- Outcome
- soil watere2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Value
- 34 mme2
- Qualifier
- at sowing in the first seasone2
- Comparator
- fallow cropse2
- Setting
- southern New South Walest0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e2“Non-fallow direct-drill crops had, compared with fallow crops, significantly less soil water (34 mm) and mineral nitrogen (30 kg/ha) at sowing in the first season, but not in later ones”
t0“wheat in southern New South Wales”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-fallow direct-drill crops had significantly less mineral nitrogen (30 kg/ha) at sowing in the first season than fallow crops.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Non-fallow direct-drille2
- Outcome
- mineral nitrogene2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Value
- 30 kg/hae2
- Qualifier
- at sowing in the first seasone2
- Comparator
- fallow cropse2
- Setting
- southern New South Walest0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e2“Non-fallow direct-drill crops had, compared with fallow crops, significantly less soil water (34 mm) and mineral nitrogen (30 kg/ha) at sowing in the first season, but not in later ones”
t0“wheat in southern New South Wales”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-fallow direct-drill crops showed reduced early plant growth, averaging 28% less than cultivated crops.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Non-fallow direct-drille2
- Outcome
- early plant growthe3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 28%e3
- Comparator
- cultivated cropse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e2“Non-fallow direct-drill crops had, compared with fallow crops, significantly less soil water (34 mm) and mineral nitrogen (30 kg/ha) at sowing in the first season, but not in later ones”
e3“they always showed reduced early plant growth, averaging 28% less than cultivated crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-fallow direct-drill crops gave significantly lower (15%) grain yields than fallow crops in the two wetter seasons.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Non-fallow direct-drille2
- Outcome
- grain yieldse4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Value
- 15%e4
- Comparator
- fallow cropse2
- Setting
- two wetter seasonse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e2“Non-fallow direct-drill crops had, compared with fallow crops, significantly less soil water (34 mm) and mineral nitrogen (30 kg/ha) at sowing in the first season, but not in later ones”
e4“despite a subsequent narrowing of relative differences in growth gave significantly lower (15%) grain yields in the two wetter seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-fallow direct-drill crops produced grain yields equal to fallow plots only in the second year, a severe drought year.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Non-fallow direct-drille2
- Outcome
- yieldse5
- Direction
- equale5
- Qualifier
- only in the second year, a severe drought causing very low yieldse5
- Comparator
- fallow plotse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e2“Non-fallow direct-drill crops had, compared with fallow crops, significantly less soil water (34 mm) and mineral nitrogen (30 kg/ha) at sowing in the first season, but not in later ones”
e5“only in the second year, a severe drought causing very low yields, did they produce yields equal to those of fallow plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow combine points in direct drilling gave yields equal to those with standard points.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- narrow combine pointse6
- Outcome
- yieldse6
- Direction
- equale6
- Qualifier
- giving incomplete soil disturbancee6
- Comparator
- standard pointse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e6“The use of narrow combine points in direct drilling, giving incomplete soil disturbance, gave yields equal to those obtained with standard points and complete disturbance of the soil surface”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct drilling with retained stubble gave lower yields than the comparison treatments in a wet season.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- direct drilling with retained stubblee7
- Outcome
- yieldse7
- Direction
- lowere7
- Setting
- a wet seasone7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e7“However direct drilling with retained stubble - gave lower yields in a wet season”
Claim · model-written summary
Averaged over 3 seasons, cultivated fallow yielded 2.54 t/ha of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- cultivated fallowe6
- Outcome
- yieldede6
- Value
- 2.54 t/hae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e6“Averaged over 3 seasons, cultivated fallow yielded 2.54 t/ha, herbicide fallow 2.41 t/ha and non-fallow direct drill with stubble burning 2.17 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Averaged over 3 seasons, herbicide fallow yielded 2.41 t/ha of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- herbicide fallowe6
- Outcome
- yieldede6
- Value
- 2.41 t/hae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e6“Averaged over 3 seasons, cultivated fallow yielded 2.54 t/ha, herbicide fallow 2.41 t/ha and non-fallow direct drill with stubble burning 2.17 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Averaged over 3 seasons, non-fallow direct drill with stubble burning yielded 2.17 t/ha of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- non-fallow direct drill with stubble burninge6
- Outcome
- yieldede6
- Value
- 2.17 t/hae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e6“Averaged over 3 seasons, cultivated fallow yielded 2.54 t/ha, herbicide fallow 2.41 t/ha and non-fallow direct drill with stubble burning 2.17 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-fallow direct-drill yields were concluded to suffer from reduced presowing water storage and reduced early growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- non-fallow direct-drille7
- Outcome
- yieldse7
- Qualifier
- reduced presowing water storage and reduced early growthe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared”
e7“It was concluded that non-fallow direct-drill yields suffered because of reduced presowing water storage and reduced early growth”
The same questions in other papers
transplanting · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 129 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
172 papers more in this group
See all 176 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.