Abstract
Imsande, J. 1986. Inhibition of nodule development in soybean by nitrate or reduced nitrogen.—J. exp. Bot. 37: 348–355. Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3 The presence of 4·0 mol m−3 ‘starter nitrate’ for 3-6 d during nodule development, however, subsequently stimulates nodule dry weight accumulation and nitrogenase activity. These stimulations occur even though 4· mol m−3 nitrate temporarily delays nodule development, i.e. the late steps of nodule development are reversibly inhibited by a short-term exposure to 4·0 mol m−3 nitrate. On the other hand, treatment with 4·0 mol m−3 nitrate in excess of 14 d significantly reduces nodule dry weight Thus, extended growth in the presence of 4·0 mol m−3 KNO3 seems to block both early and late steps of nodule development. Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybeans is also inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4 This inhibition is not caused by acidity of the growth medium. On the other hand, nodule development 6 d after inoculation with Rhizoblum japonicum is not delayed by a 7-d exposure to 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4 but is partially inhibited by a prolonged exposure to (NH4)2SO4 Because repression of nodulation by 4·0 mol m−3 KNO3 is more severe than that by 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4 and because ammonium taken up by the soybean plant is not actively oxidized to nitrate, it is suggested that there are at least two mechanisms by which nitrate utilization represses nodule formation in soybean.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous growth in 4 mol m-3 KNO3 inhibits nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plants
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3e0
- Outcome
- Nodulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3”
Claim · model-written summary
A 4.0 mol m-3 starter nitrate for 3-6 days during nodule development subsequently stimulates nodule dry weight and nitrogenase activity in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- starter nitratee1
- Outcome
- nodule dry weight accumulation and nitrogenase activitye1
- Direction
- stimulatese1
- Value
- 4·0 mol m−3e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3”
e1“The presence of 4·0 mol m−3 ‘starter nitrate’ for 3-6 d during nodule development, however, subsequently stimulates nodule dry weight accumulation and nitrogenase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
A short-term exposure to 4 mol m-3 nitrate reversibly inhibits the late steps of nodule development in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- a short-term exposure to 4·0 mol m−3 nitratee1
- Outcome
- late steps of nodule developmente1
- Direction
- reversibly inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3”
e1“the late steps of nodule development are reversibly inhibited by a short-term exposure to 4·0 mol m−3 nitrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment with 4 mol m-3 nitrate for more than 14 days significantly reduces nodule dry weight in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- treatment with 4·0 mol m−3 nitrate in excess of 14 de1
- Outcome
- nodule dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3”
e1“treatment with 4·0 mol m−3 nitrate in excess of 14 d significantly reduces nodule dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous growth in 2 mol m-3 (NH4)2SO4 inhibits nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- continuous growth in the presence of 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4e0
- Outcome
- Nodulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybeans is also inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4”
Claim · model-written summary
The inhibition of nodulation by (NH4)2SO4 in soybean is not caused by acidity of the growth medium.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- This inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- not caused by acidity of the growth mediume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybeans is also inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4”
e1“This inhibition is not caused by acidity of the growth medium”
Claim · model-written summary
A 7-day exposure to 2 mol m-3 (NH4)2SO4 does not delay nodule development in soybean 6 days after inoculation with Rhizobium japonicum.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 7-d exposure to 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4e1
- Interactor
- Rhizoblum japonicume1symbiont
- Outcome
- nodule developmente1
- Direction
- not delayede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3”
e1“nodule development 6 d after inoculation with Rhizoblum japonicum is not delayed by a 7-d exposure to 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4 but is partially inhibited by a prolonged exposure to (NH4)2SO4”
Claim · model-written summary
Prolonged exposure to (NH4)2SO4 partially inhibits nodule development in soybean inoculated with Rhizobium japonicum.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- prolonged exposure to (NH4)2SO4e1
- Interactor
- Rhizoblum japonicume1symbiont
- Outcome
- nodule developmente1
- Direction
- partially inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3”
e1“nodule development 6 d after inoculation with Rhizoblum japonicum is not delayed by a 7-d exposure to 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4 but is partially inhibited by a prolonged exposure to (NH4)2SO4”
Claim · model-written summary
Repression of nodulation in soybean by 4 mol m-3 KNO3 is more severe than repression by 2 mol m-3 (NH4)2SO4.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 4·0 mol m−3 KNO3e1
- Outcome
- repression of nodulatione1
- Direction
- more severee1
- Comparator
- 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation of hydroponically grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is inhibited by continuous growth in the presence of 4· mol m−3 KNO3”
e1“Because repression of nodulation by 4·0 mol m−3 KNO3 is more severe than that by 2·0 mol m−3 (NH4)2SO4”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate utilization probably represses nodule formation in soybean through at least two mechanisms.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- nodule formatione0
- Qualifier
- at least two mechanisms by which nitrate utilization repressese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is suggested that there are at least two mechanisms by which nitrate utilization represses nodule formation in soybean”
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