Abstract
Summary The powder and ethanol extract of Tithonia diversifolia leaves were tested for their efficacy at five different concentrations (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%) on bruchid mortality, oviposition and adult emergence of cowpea seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus at ambient tropical storage conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Results showed that the leaf extract had a higher bioactivity on oviposition, adult emergence and mortality of C. maculatus . The mean number of eggs laid on seeds treated with extract was reduced from 20.7 in the solvent‐treated to 4.7 at 2% Tithonia extract concentration while adult emergence reduced from a mean of 92.2 in the solvent‐treated seeds to 72.2 at 2.0% extract treatment. Mortality was 100% at higher concentrations of 3%, 4% and 5% within 24 h of extract application but at lower concentrations mortality was 73.3% and 93.3% at 1% and 2%, respectively after 24 h. Fourty‐eight hours after application, 100% mortality of adult C. maculatus was obtained at all concentrations. The mean number of eggs laid was reduced from 41.3 in the untreated to 17.3 at 2.0% powder concentration while adult emergence dropped from 98.5% in the control to 74.2% at the highest powder concentration. The powder was effective at higher concentrations and longer exposure time. At 3%, 4% and 5%, 63–75% mortalities occurred within 24 h of application while at 48 h, mortality was 76–98% at 3–5% powder application rates. The results of this study revealed T. diversifolia as a potential candidate for bioinsecticide preparations because of antiovipositional, ovicidal and knockdown properties of its products, which have some volatile components.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf extract had greater bioactivity against beetle oviposition, emergence and mortality.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Interactor
- C. maculatus
Callosobruchus maculatuse0pestt0 - Outcome
- oviposition, adult emergence and mortality of C. maculatuse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf extract had a higher bioactivity on oviposition, adult emergence and mortality of C. maculatus”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract reduced eggs laid from 20.7 to 4.7 at 2% concentration.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 2% Tithonia extract concentratione0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- number of eggs laide0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 4.7e0
- Qualifier
- 20.7e0
- Comparator
- solvent‐treatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean number of eggs laid on seeds treated with extract was reduced from 20.7 in the solvent‐treated to 4.7 at 2% Tithonia extract concentration”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract reduced adult emergence from 92.2 to 72.2.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 2.0% extract treatmente0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- adult emergencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 72.2e0
- Qualifier
- 92.2e0
- Comparator
- solvent‐treated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adult emergence reduced from a mean of 92.2 in the solvent‐treated seeds to 72.2 at 2.0% extract treatment”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract caused 100% mortality at 3%, 4% and 5% within 24 hours.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 3%, 4% and 5%e0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- Mortalitye0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Qualifier
- within 24 he0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mortality was 100% at higher concentrations of 3%, 4% and 5% within 24 h of extract application”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract caused 73.3% mortality at 1% after 24 hours.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 1%e0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 73.3%e0
- Qualifier
- after 24 he0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at lower concentrations mortality was 73.3% and 93.3% at 1% and 2%, respectively after 24 h”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract caused 93.3% mortality at 2% after 24 hours.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 2%e0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 93.3%e0
- Qualifier
- after 24 he0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at lower concentrations mortality was 73.3% and 93.3% at 1% and 2%, respectively after 24 h”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract caused 100% adult mortality at all concentrations after 48 hours.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- all concentrationse0
- Interactor
- C. maculatusCallosobruchus maculatuse0pestt0
- Outcome
- mortality of adult C. maculatuse0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fourty‐eight hours after application, 100% mortality of adult C. maculatus was obtained at all concentrations”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Powder reduced eggs laid from 41.3 to 17.3 at 2.0%.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 2.0% powder concentratione0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- number of eggs laide0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 17.3e0
- Qualifier
- 41.3e0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean number of eggs laid was reduced from 41.3 in the untreated to 17.3 at 2.0% powder concentration”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Powder reduced adult emergence from 98.5% to 74.2%.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- highest powder concentratione0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- adult emergencee0
- Direction
- droppede0
- Value
- 74.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 98.5%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adult emergence dropped from 98.5% in the control to 74.2% at the highest powder concentration”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Powder effectiveness rose at higher concentrations and longer exposure.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- powdere0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- effectivee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- longer exposure timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The powder was effective at higher concentrations and longer exposure time”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Powder caused 63–75% mortality at 3%, 4% and 5% within 24 hours.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 3%, 4% and 5%e0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitiese0
- Value
- 63–75%e0
- Qualifier
- within 24 he0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3%, 4% and 5%, 63–75% mortalities occurred within 24 h of application”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Powder caused 76–98% mortality at 3–5% after 48 hours.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 3–5% powder application ratese0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 76–98%e0
- Qualifier
- at 48 he0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 48 h, mortality was 76–98% at 3–5% powder application rates”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors identify T. diversifolia as a candidate bioinsecticide.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatusCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- potential candidate for bioinsecticide preparationse0
- Qualifier
- antiovipositional, ovicidal and knockdown propertiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. diversifolia as a potential candidate for bioinsecticide preparations because of antiovipositional, ovicidal and knockdown properties of its products”
t0“tree marigold, Tithonia diversifolia, on cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · Callosobruchus maculatus · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
157 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
159 papers more in this group
See all 163 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.