Abstract
Successful integration of biocontrol organisms into agricultural production systems requires knowledge of their compatibility with commonly used pesticides. The compatibility of the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum (Eco-T ®) with a pesticide mix containing imidacloprid, metalaxyl and thiram (Product X) was assessed for maize seed treatment. Laboratory evaluations demonstrated that Product X caused up to 97.6% mortality of T. harzianum in a period as short as 3 days after seed treatment. Under greenhouse conditions, combined treatment of T. harzianum and Product X resulted in a significant reduction in percentage germination, dry shoot biomass and maize vigour when compared to single treatment with T. harzianum. Seed treatment with T. harzianum significantly enhanced maize germination, dry shoot biomass and vigour. In contrast, treating maize seed with Product X showed no actual benefit towards optimizing maize seedling growth. Key words: Biological control, compatibility, maize, pesticides, Trichoderma harzianum.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Product X caused up to 97.6% mortality of T. harzianum within three days of maize seed treatment.
- Treatment
- Product Xe0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mortality of T. harzianume0
- Value
- up to 97.6%e0
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Laboratory evaluations demonstrated that Product X caused up to 97.6% mortality of T. harzianum in a period as short as 3 days after seed treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Trichoderma and Product X seed treatment reduced maize germination, shoot biomass and vigour compared with Trichoderma alone.
- Treatment
- combined treatment of T. harzianum and Product Xe0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- percentage germination, dry shoot biomass and maize vigoure0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- single treatment with T. harzianume0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under greenhouse conditions, combined treatment of T. harzianum and Product X resulted in a significant reduction in percentage germination, dry shoot biomass and maize vigour when compared to single treatment with T. harzianum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma seed treatment enhanced maize germination, dry shoot biomass and vigour.
- Treatment
- Seed treatment with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- maize germination, dry shoot biomass and vigoure0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed treatment with T. harzianum significantly enhanced maize germination, dry shoot biomass and vigour.”
Claim · model-written summary
Product X seed treatment showed no benefit for maize seedling growth.
- Treatment
- treating maize seed with Product Xe0
- Outcome
- maize seedling growthe0
- Direction
- no actual benefite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, treating maize seed with Product X showed no actual benefit towards optimizing maize seedling growth.”
The same questions in other papers
Trichoderma harzianum · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.