Paper · 2010 · AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Yield performance of crops and soil chemical changes under fertilizer treatments in a mixed cropping system

O. T. Ayoola

16
claims
33
verbatim quotes
20
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Yields of maize, melon, cassava and cowpea as well as changes in soil chemical contents were examined under different fertilizer treatments in a mixed cropping system. The results showed that fertilizer treatments had significant effects on the yields of maize, cassava and cowpea but no significant effect on melon yield. Total nitrogen decreased in all the plots after cropping and available phosphorus reduced from initial value of 4.72 mg/kg to between 3.37 mg/kg where no fertilizer was added and 3.83 mg/kg under inorganic fertilizer. Exchangeable potassium decreased in all the plots irrespective of fertilizer type and the changes ranged between 25% under organic fertilizer and 53% under inorganic fertilizer treatment. The level of organic carbon decreased by about 17% under organic fertilizer but by 59% where inorganic fertilizer was applied. Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) increased by 21% and 20%, respectively with the application of organic fertilizer. Though yields of crops increased with application of inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and combination of both in this experiment, changes in soil nutrients status after cropping showed that the fertilizer rates used might not be able to sustain soil fertility under the system.

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Claims 16

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on maize yield

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
fertilizer treatmentse1
Outcome
yieldse1
Setting
mixed cropping systeme0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“examined under different fertilizer treatments in a mixed cropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 93–166 · show in text ↑
e1

“fertilizer treatments had significant effects on the yields of maize, cassava and cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 192–280 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on cassava yield

Treatment
fertilizer treatmentse1
Outcome
yieldse1
Setting
mixed cropping systeme0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Manihot esculenta
Manihot esculenta · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

e0

“examined under different fertilizer treatments in a mixed cropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 93–166 · show in text ↑
e1

“fertilizer treatments had significant effects on the yields of maize, cassava and cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 192–280 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on cowpea yield

Treatment
fertilizer treatmentse1
Outcome
yieldse1
Setting
mixed cropping systeme0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“examined under different fertilizer treatments in a mixed cropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 93–166 · show in text ↑
e1

“fertilizer treatments had significant effects on the yields of maize, cassava and cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 192–280 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer treatments had no significant effect on melon yield

Taxon
melonCucumis meloe2
Treatment
fertilizer treatmentse1
Outcome
melon yielde2
Setting
mixed cropping systeme0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis melo
Cucumis melo · TaxonUSDA photo by Scott Bauer. Image Number K7355-11. · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“examined under different fertilizer treatments in a mixed cropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 93–166 · show in text ↑
e1

“fertilizer treatments had significant effects on the yields of maize, cassava and cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 192–280 · show in text ↑
e2

“no significant effect on melon yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 285–321 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Crop yields increased with inorganic, organic and combined fertilizer

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and combination of bothe2
Outcome
yields of cropse2
Direction
increasede2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e2

“Though yields of crops increased with application of inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and combination of both in this experiment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 971–1107 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total nitrogen decreased in all plots after cropping

Taxon
cropst0
Outcome
Total nitrogene3
Direction
decreasede3
Qualifier
after croppinge3

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e3

“Total nitrogen decreased in all the plots after cropping”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 323–379 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Available phosphorus fell to 3.37 mg/kg where no fertilizer was added

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
no fertilizere4
Outcome
available phosphoruse4
Direction
reducede4
Value
3.37 mg/kge4
Qualifier
initial value of 4.72 mg/kge4

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e4

“available phosphorus reduced from initial value of 4.72 mg/kg to between 3.37 mg/kg where no fertilizer was added and 3.83 mg/kg under inorganic fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 384–539 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Available phosphorus fell to 3.83 mg/kg under inorganic fertilizer

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
inorganic fertilizere4
Outcome
available phosphoruse4
Direction
reducede4
Value
3.83 mg/kge4
Qualifier
initial value of 4.72 mg/kge4

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e4

“available phosphorus reduced from initial value of 4.72 mg/kg to between 3.37 mg/kg where no fertilizer was added and 3.83 mg/kg under inorganic fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 384–539 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Exchangeable potassium decreased in all plots irrespective of fertilizer type

Taxon
cropst0
Outcome
Exchangeable potassiume5
Direction
decreasede5
Qualifier
irrespective of fertilizer typee5

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e5

“Exchangeable potassium decreased in all the plots irrespective of fertilizer type and the changes ranged between 25% under organic fertilizer and 53% under inorganic fertilizer treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–727 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Exchangeable potassium decreased by 25% under organic fertilizer

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
organic fertilizere5
Outcome
Exchangeable potassiume5
Direction
decreasede5
Value
25%e5

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e5

“Exchangeable potassium decreased in all the plots irrespective of fertilizer type and the changes ranged between 25% under organic fertilizer and 53% under inorganic fertilizer treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–727 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Exchangeable potassium decreased by 53% under inorganic fertilizer treatment

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
inorganic fertilizer treatmente5
Outcome
Exchangeable potassiume5
Direction
decreasede5
Value
53%e5

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e5

“Exchangeable potassium decreased in all the plots irrespective of fertilizer type and the changes ranged between 25% under organic fertilizer and 53% under inorganic fertilizer treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–727 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic carbon decreased by about 17% under organic fertilizer

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
organic fertilizere6
Outcome
level of organic carbone6
Direction
decreasede6
Value
17%e6

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e6

“The level of organic carbon decreased by about 17% under organic fertilizer but by 59% where inorganic fertilizer was applied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 729–854 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic carbon decreased by 59% where inorganic fertilizer was applied

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
inorganic fertilizere6
Outcome
level of organic carbone6
Direction
decreaseinferrede6
Value
59%e6

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e6

“The level of organic carbon decreased by about 17% under organic fertilizer but by 59% where inorganic fertilizer was applied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 729–854 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium increased by 21% with organic fertilizer

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
organic fertilizere7
Outcome
Calcium (Ca)e7
Direction
increasede7
Value
21%e7

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e7

“Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) increased by 21% and 20%, respectively with the application of organic fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 856–969 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Magnesium increased by 20% with organic fertilizer

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
organic fertilizere7
Outcome
magnesium (Mg)e7
Direction
increasede7
Value
20%e7

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e7

“Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) increased by 21% and 20%, respectively with the application of organic fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 856–969 · show in text ↑
Recommendationhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The fertilizer rates used might not be able to sustain soil fertility under the system

Taxon
cropst0
Treatment
fertilizer rates usede2
Outcome
sustain soil fertilitye2
Qualifier
might not be able to sustaine2

Verbatim

t0

“Yield performance of crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–26 · show in text ↑
e2

“the fertilizer rates used might not be able to sustain soil fertility under the system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1169–1255 · show in text ↑

fertilization · yield · Cucumis melo (muskmelon)Results differ

95 papers: 72 positive, 23 negative or no effect

22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 72 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

91 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.