Abstract
Liming and phosphorus (P) fertilization are often required for sustainable crop production on acid mineral soils. Here, P-release in an acidic Typic Paleustalf incubated with lime, crystallizer (CRYS), single superphosphate (SSP) and organic fertilizer (O.F) was evaluated. Short-term and residual effects of lime (2 tha -1 ) and P (88 kgPha -1 ) treatments (Control, lime, CRYS, O.F, lime+O.F, lime+CRYS, O.F+CRYS and lime+O.F+CRYS) on performance of two soybean (Glycine max) varieties (early maturing TGx1485-ID and late maturing TGx1844-18E) were also evaluated, using completely randomized design with three replicates. Lime treatments gave highest soil pH increases (7.4-7.7). Sole and combined applications of P-fertilizers led to pH range of 5.0-5.8 compared with control (5.2) while the tendency of SSP to acidify the soil became obvious. After 5 weeks of growth, O.F+RP and O.F treated TGx1485-ID plants were taller (28.50 and 27.66 cm, respectively) than control (20.03 cm) and sole lime (19.33 cm) treated plants. During 2nd cropping, lime treatment produced plants of similar vigor as O.F and O.F+CRYS treatments. The same trend was observed for TGx1844-18E plants. Phosphorus- uptake by TGx1485-ID plants was highest with the application of O.F or O.F+CRYS, being 9.57 or 9.62mg pot -1 and 3.66 or 5.28mg pot -1 in the 1st and 2nd cropping, respectively. The potency of O.F and CRYS as alternative acid soil ameliorants for sustainable agriculture was evident. The liming effectiveness of O.F (applied alone or in combination with other amendments) might be sufficient, especially on long-term basis when soil acidification by the conventional-SSP would have reached an alarming proportion.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Lime treatments gave the highest soil pH increases in the acidic soil.
- Taxon
- Glycine max
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Lime treatmentse1
- Outcome
- soil pH increasese1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 7.4-7.7e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Lime treatments gave highest soil pH increases (7.4-7.7)”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole and combined applications of P-fertilizers led to a soil pH range of 5.0-5.8 compared with the control.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sole and combined applications of P-fertilizerse2
- Outcome
- pH rangee2
- Direction
- led toe2
- Value
- 5.0-5.8e2
- Qualifier
- 5.2e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Sole and combined applications of P-fertilizers led to pH range of 5.0-5.8 compared with control (5.2)”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
Claim · model-written summary
The tendency of SSP to acidify the soil became obvious.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- SSPe3
- Outcome
- soile3
- Direction
- acidifye3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“the tendency of SSP to acidify the soil became obvious”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
Claim · model-written summary
After 5 weeks, O.F+RP treated TGx1485-ID soybean plants were taller (28.50 cm) than control plants (20.03 cm).
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Material
- TGx1485-IDe4
- Treatment
- O.F+RPe4
- Outcome
- plantse4
- Direction
- tallere4
- Value
- 28.50e4
- Qualifier
- After 5 weeks of growthe4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“After 5 weeks of growth, O.F+RP and O.F treated TGx1485-ID plants were taller (28.50 and 27.66 cm, respectively) than control (20.03 cm) and sole lime (19.33 cm) treated plants”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
Claim · model-written summary
After 5 weeks, O.F treated TGx1485-ID soybean plants were taller (27.66 cm) than control plants (20.03 cm).
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Material
- TGx1485-IDe4
- Treatment
- O.Fe4
- Outcome
- plantse4
- Direction
- tallere4
- Value
- 27.66e4
- Qualifier
- After 5 weeks of growthe4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“After 5 weeks of growth, O.F+RP and O.F treated TGx1485-ID plants were taller (28.50 and 27.66 cm, respectively) than control (20.03 cm) and sole lime (19.33 cm) treated plants”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
Claim · model-written summary
Lime treatment gave soybean plants of similar vigor to O.F and O.F+CRYS treatments in the second cropping.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- lime treatmente5
- Outcome
- vigore5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Qualifier
- During 2nd croppinge5
- Comparator
- O.F and O.F+CRYS treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“During 2nd cropping, lime treatment produced plants of similar vigor as O.F and O.F+CRYS treatments”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
Claim · model-written summary
The same similar-vigor trend held for TGx1844-18E soybean plants under lime treatment.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Material
- TGx1844-18Ee6
- Treatment
- lime treatmente6
- Outcome
- vigore6
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede6
- Qualifier
- During 2nd croppinge6
- Comparator
- O.F and O.F+CRYS treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“During 2nd cropping, lime treatment produced plants of similar vigor as O.F and O.F+CRYS treatments. The same trend was observed for TGx1844-18E plants”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
Claim · model-written summary
O.F or O.F+CRYS gave the highest P uptake by TGx1485-ID plants in the first cropping, 9.57 or 9.62 mg per pot.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Material
- TGx1485-IDe7
- Treatment
- O.F or O.F+CRYSe7
- Outcome
- Phosphorus- uptakee7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Value
- 9.57 or 9.62mg pot -1e7
- Qualifier
- in the 1ste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Phosphorus- uptake by TGx1485-ID plants was highest with the application of O.F or O.F+CRYS, being 9.57 or 9.62mg pot -1 and 3.66 or 5.28mg pot -1 in the 1st and 2nd cropping, respectively”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
Claim · model-written summary
O.F or O.F+CRYS gave the highest P uptake by TGx1485-ID plants in the second cropping, 3.66 or 5.28 mg per pot.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Material
- TGx1485-IDe7
- Treatment
- O.F or O.F+CRYSe7
- Outcome
- Phosphorus- uptakee7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Value
- 3.66 or 5.28mg pot -1e7
- Qualifier
- 2nd croppinge7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Phosphorus- uptake by TGx1485-ID plants was highest with the application of O.F or O.F+CRYS, being 9.57 or 9.62mg pot -1 and 3.66 or 5.28mg pot -1 in the 1st and 2nd cropping, respectively”
t0“Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
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