Paper · 1984 · New Phytologist

EFFECTS OF SIMULATED ACTDIC RAIN ON YIELDS OF FIELD‐GROWN SOYBEANS

L. S. EVANS; K. F. LEWIN; M. J. PATTI

10
claims
20
verbatim quotes
34
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

S ummary An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans grown according to standard agronomic practices. Plants were shielded from all ambient rainfalls automatically by two amount exclusion covers and exposed to simulated rainfalls m quantities equal to the average amount of rainfall that occurs at the site. Seed yields of cv. Amsoy exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 3.0, 9.0, and 12.8% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 5.6. A treatment‐response function of seed yield vs rainfall pH for Amsoy was y = 10.20+0.587 x and had a correlation coefficient of 0.96 ( y is seed mass per plant and x is the pH of the simulated rain). For cv, Williams, seed yields of plants exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 5.6, 4.1, 3 3 and 2.7 were 11.5, 10.5, 11.4 and 11.4 g, respectively. A treatment‐response function of seed yield vs rainfall pH for Williams was y = 11.13 + 0.016 x which had a correlation coefficient of 0.038. Plants of Amsoy and Williams grown in plots adjacent to the exclusion shelters had mean seed yields of 11.4 and 9.8 g per plant, respectively. Seed yield per plant was dependent upon number of pods per plant because the number of seeds per pod did not vary among treatments for each cultivar.

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Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Amsoy seed yield under simulated rain of pH 4.1 was 3.0% below that under pH 5.6 in summer 1982.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Material
cv. Amsoye1
Treatment
simulated rain of pH 4.1e1
Outcome
Seed yieldse1
Direction
belowe1
Value
3.0e1
Comparator
simulated rain of pH 5.6e1
Setting
summer of 1982e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e1

“Seed yields of cv. Amsoy exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 3.0, 9.0, and 12.8% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 5.6”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 423–608 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Amsoy seed yield under simulated rain at pH 3.3 was 9.0% below that under pH 5.6 in summer 1982.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Material
cv. Amsoye1
Treatment
simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7e1
Outcome
Seed yieldse1
Direction
belowe1
Value
9.0e1
Comparator
simulated rain of pH 5.6e1
Setting
summer of 1982e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e1

“Seed yields of cv. Amsoy exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 3.0, 9.0, and 12.8% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 5.6”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 423–608 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Amsoy seed yield under simulated rain at pH 2.7 was 12.8% below that under pH 5.6 in summer 1982.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Material
cv. Amsoye1
Treatment
simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7e1
Outcome
Seed yieldse1
Direction
belowe1
Value
12.8%e1
Comparator
simulated rain of pH 5.6e1
Setting
summer of 1982e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e1

“Seed yields of cv. Amsoy exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 3.0, 9.0, and 12.8% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 5.6”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 423–608 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

For Amsoy, seed yield against rainfall pH fitted a linear treatment-response function with a correlation coefficient of 0.96.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Material
Amsoye2
Treatment
rainfall pHe2
Outcome
seed yield vs rainfall pHe2
Value
0.96e2
Qualifier
y = 10.20+0.587 xe2

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e2

“seed yield vs rainfall pH for Amsoy was y = 10.20+0.587 x and had a correlation coefficient of 0.96”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–742 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

For Williams, seed yield against rainfall pH showed a near-zero correlation (r = 0.038).

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Material
Williamse3
Treatment
rainfall pHe3
Outcome
seed yield vs rainfall pHe3
Value
0.038e3

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e3

“seed yield vs rainfall pH for Williams was y = 11.13 + 0.016 x which had a correlation coefficient of 0.038”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 990–1097 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Williams seed yields were 11.5, 10.5, 11.4 and 11.4 g across simulated rainfall pH 5.6, 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Material
Williamse6
Outcome
seed yields of plantse6
Value
11.5, 10.5, 11.4 and 11.4 ge6
Qualifier
exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 5.6, 4.1, 3 3 and 2.7e6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e6

“For cv, Williams, seed yields of plants exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 5.6, 4.1, 3 3 and 2.7 were 11.5, 10.5, 11.4 and 11.4 g, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 810–955 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Amsoy plants grown in plots adjacent to the exclusion shelters had a mean seed yield of 11.4 g per plant.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Material
Amsoye4
Outcome
mean seed yieldse4
Value
11.4e4
Qualifier
g per plante4
Setting
plots adjacent to the exclusion shelterse4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e4

“Plants of Amsoy and Williams grown in plots adjacent to the exclusion shelters had mean seed yields of 11.4 and 9.8 g per plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1099–1226 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Williams plants grown in plots adjacent to the exclusion shelters had a mean seed yield of 9.8 g per plant.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Material
Williamse4
Outcome
mean seed yieldse4
Value
9.8e4
Qualifier
g per plante4
Setting
plots adjacent to the exclusion shelterse4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e4

“Plants of Amsoy and Williams grown in plots adjacent to the exclusion shelters had mean seed yields of 11.4 and 9.8 g per plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1099–1226 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The number of seeds per pod did not differ among simulated rain treatments for either cultivar.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Outcome
number of seeds per pode5
Qualifier
did not vary among treatments for each cultivare5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e5

“Seed yield per plant was dependent upon number of pods per plant because the number of seeds per pod did not vary among treatments for each cultivar”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1242–1390 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed yield per plant depended on the number of pods per plant.

Taxon
soybeansGlycine maxe0
Outcome
seed yield per plante5
Qualifier
dependent upon number of pods per plante5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–167 · show in text ↑
e5

“Seed yield per plant was dependent upon number of pods per plant because the number of seeds per pod did not vary among treatments for each cultivar”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1242–1390 · show in text ↑

rainfall · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

38 papers: 14 positive, 24 negative or no effect

23 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

34 papers more in this group

See all 38 papers →

ph · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

26 papers: 13 positive, 13 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

22 papers more in this group

See all 26 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.