Abstract
Limited tillage systems, especially no-tillage, have become widespread in recent years. The no-tillage practice is widely adopted worldwide for erosion control and to maintain soil fertility. Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of tillage systems and organic fertilization on the growth, yield and oil content of flax crop (Linum usitatissimum L.). The experiments, conducted during 2009 and 2010, were laid out in a split plot design with four replicates, three main plots (conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no-tillage) and the three sub-plots (compost, vetch and faba bean as green manure). The soil organic matter and total nitrogen were higher in soils subjected to conservation tillage systems (minimum and no-tillage) than under conventional tillage. The highest leaf area index (LAI), dry weight and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) root colonization was found in conservation tillage systems. There were no significant differences between the organic fertilization treatments concerning the LAI, dry weight and AM root colonization. There were significant differences for root growth between the tillage systems. The highest root weight was found in the no-tillage system. Moreover, the highest seed yield (1761 kg ha-1) and oil yield (670 kg ha-1) were found with minimum tillage. There were statistically significant differences between minimum tillage and conventional tillage. Vetch and faba bean green manures had a significant effect on oil content. A high correlation was observed between oil yield and oil content. Our results indicated that conservation tillage systems enhance organic matter in soils and increase oil yield of flax.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic matter and total nitrogen were higher under conservation tillage (minimum and no-tillage) than conventional tillage in the flax experiment.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimumt0 - Treatment
- conservation tillage systemse1
- Outcome
- soil organic matter and total nitrogene1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e1“The soil organic matter and total nitrogen were higher in soils subjected to conservation tillage systems (minimum and no-tillage) than under conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area index, dry weight and AM root colonization of flax were highest under conservation tillage systems.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimumLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- conservation tillage systemse2
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizale2symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf area index (LAI), dry weight and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) root colonizatione2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e2“The highest leaf area index (LAI), dry weight and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) root colonization was found in conservation tillage systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilization treatments did not differ significantly in flax LAI, dry weight and AM root colonization.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimumLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- organic fertilization treatmentse3
- Interactor
- AMe3symbiont
- Outcome
- LAI, dry weight and AM root colonizatione3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e3“There were no significant differences between the organic fertilization treatments concerning the LAI, dry weight and AM root colonization”
Claim · model-written summary
Flax root growth differed significantly between tillage systems.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimumLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- tillage systemse4
- Outcome
- root growthe4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e4“There were significant differences for root growth between the tillage systems”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest flax root weight was found under no-tillage.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimumLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- no-tillage systeme5
- Outcome
- root weighte5
- Direction
- higheste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e5“The highest root weight was found in the no-tillage system”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage gave the highest flax seed yield, 1761 kg ha-1, with a significant difference from conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimumLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- minimum tillagee6
- Outcome
- seed yielde6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 1761 kg ha-1e6
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e6“the highest seed yield (1761 kg ha-1) and oil yield (670 kg ha-1) were found with minimum tillage”
e7“There were statistically significant differences between minimum tillage and conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage gave the highest flax oil yield, 670 kg ha-1, with a significant difference from conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimumLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- minimum tillagee6
- Outcome
- oil yielde6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 670 kg ha-1e6
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e6“the highest seed yield (1761 kg ha-1) and oil yield (670 kg ha-1) were found with minimum tillage”
e7“There were statistically significant differences between minimum tillage and conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Vetch and faba bean green manures had a significant effect on flax oil content.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimumLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- Vetch and faba bean green manurese0
- Outcome
- oil contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e0“Vetch and faba bean green manures had a significant effect on oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
Flax oil yield was highly correlated with oil content.
- Taxon
- Linum usitatissimumLinum usitatissimumt0
- Compound
- oil contente4
- Outcome
- oil yielde4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Schema note from the model: related variable has no matching field; placed in compound
Verbatim
t0“Linum usitatissimum”
e4“A high correlation was observed between oil yield and oil content”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.