Abstract
The increased availability of soil water is important for the management of non-irrigated orange orchards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of soil water in a Haplorthox (Rhodic Ferralsol) under different tillage systems used for orchard plantation, mulch management and rootstocks in a "Pêra" orange orchard in northwest Paraná, Brazil. An experiment in a split-split-plot design was established in 2002, in an area cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha grass in which three tillage systems (no tillage, conventional tillage and strip-tillage) were used for orchard plantation. This grass was mowed twice a year between the rows, representing two mulch managements in the split plots (no mulching and mulching in the plant rows). The split-split-plots were represented by two rootstocks ("Rangpur" lime and "Cleopatra" mandarin). The soil water content in the plant rows was evaluated in the 0-20 cm layer in 2007 and at 0-20 and 20-40 cm in 2008-2009. The effect of soil tillage systems prior to implantation of orange orchards on soil water availability was less pronounced than mulching and the rootstocks. The soil water availability was lower when "Pêra" orange trees were grafted on "Cleopatra" mandarin than on "Rangpur" lime rootstocks. Mulching had a positive influence on soil water availability in the sandy surface layer (0-20 cm) and sandy clay loam subsurface (20-40 cm) of the soil in the spring. The production of B. brizantha between the rows and residue disposal in the plant rows as mulch increased water availability to the "Pêra" orange trees.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage had a less pronounced effect on soil water availability than mulch and rootstocks.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of soil tillage systems prior to implantation of orange orchards on soil water availability was less pronounced than mulching and the rootstocks”
t0“citrus rootstocks”
Claim · model-written summary
Cleopatra mandarin rootstock gave lower soil water availability than Rangpur lime.
Verbatim
e0“The soil water availability was lower when "Pêra" orange trees were grafted on "Cleopatra" mandarin than on "Rangpur" lime rootstocks”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching increased soil water availability in surface and subsurface layers in spring.
- Treatment
- Mulchinge0
- Outcome
- soil water availabilitye0
- Direction
- positive influencee0
- Qualifier
- in the springe0
CitrusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mulching had a positive influence on soil water availability in the sandy surface layer (0-20 cm) and sandy clay loam subsurface (20-40 cm) of the soil in the spring”
t0“citrus rootstocks”
Claim · model-written summary
Brachiaria residue mulch increased water availability to Pêra orange trees.
- Taxon
- "Pêra" orangee0
- Treatment
- B. brizantha between the rows and residue disposal in the plant rows as mulche0
- Outcome
- water availabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The production of B. brizantha between the rows and residue disposal in the plant rows as mulch increased water availability to the "Pêra" orange trees”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · soil: physics · CitrusResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.