Abstract
Control of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed is a challenge, particularly for soybean growers, because of limited effective post-emergence (POST) herbicide options. Many soybean growers in no-till production systems use 2,4-D in burndown application for control of broadleaf weeds, including giant ragweed. Field experiments were conducted at David City, NE, in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate 2,4-D followed by PRE or POST herbicide programs for control of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed in glyphosate-resistant soybean. Results suggested that burndown application of 2,4-D or saflufenacil plus imazethapyr resulted in 89 to 99% control of giant ragweed at 21 days after treatment. Burndown-only treatments of S-metolachlor plus metribuzin or sulfentrazone plus cloransulam resulted in poor control (≤65%) of giant ragweed and reduced soybean yield (≤ 577 kg·ha-1). Burndown application of 2,4-D followed by saflufenacil plus imazethapyr, S-metolachlor plus metribuzin, or sulfentrazone plus cloransulam applied pre-emergence (PRE) or cloransulam, chlorimuron, fomesafen, imazethapyr, or lactofen in tank-mixtures with acetochlor applied POST resulted in 87% to 99% giant ragweed control, reduced density to ≤7 plants m-2, and resulted in soybean yield from 2519 to 3823 kg·ha-1. There was no difference among and between 2,4-D followed by PRE or POST herbicides for giant ragweed control, density, or soybean yield, indicating all the two pass herbicide programs were effective. It is concluded that glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed can be effectively controlled in soybean by including 2,4-D in burndown program followed by PRE or POST herbicides tested in this study.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Burndown 2,4-D gave 89 to 99% giant ragweed control at 21 days.
- Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Interactor
- giant ragweed
.jpg?width=60)
Ambrosia trifidae0weed - Outcome
- control of giant ragweede0
- Value
- 89 to 99%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“burndown application of 2,4-D or saflufenacil plus imazethapyr resulted in 89 to 99% control of giant ragweed at 21 days after treatment”
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Burndown saflufenacil plus imazethapyr gave 89 to 99% giant ragweed control at 21 days.
- Treatment
- saflufenacil plus imazethapyre0
- Interactor
- giant ragweedAmbrosia trifidae0weed
- Outcome
- control of giant ragweede0
- Value
- 89 to 99%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“burndown application of 2,4-D or saflufenacil plus imazethapyr resulted in 89 to 99% control of giant ragweed at 21 days after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Burndown-only S-metolachlor plus metribuzin poorly controlled giant ragweed and reduced soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- S-metolachlor plus metribuzine0
- Interactor
- giant ragweedAmbrosia trifidae0weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- poore0
- Value
- ≤65%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Burndown-only treatments of S-metolachlor plus metribuzin or sulfentrazone plus cloransulam resulted in poor control (≤65%) of giant ragweed and reduced soybean yield (≤ 577 kg·ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Burndown-only sulfentrazone plus cloransulam poorly controlled giant ragweed and reduced soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone plus cloransulame0
- Interactor
- giant ragweedAmbrosia trifidae0weed
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- ≤ 577 kg·ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Burndown-only treatments of S-metolachlor plus metribuzin or sulfentrazone plus cloransulam resulted in poor control (≤65%) of giant ragweed and reduced soybean yield (≤ 577 kg·ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-pass 2,4-D followed by PRE or POST herbicides achieved 87% to 99% giant ragweed control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D followed by saflufenacil plus imazethapyr, S-metolachlor plus metribuzin, or sulfentrazone plus cloransulam applied pre-emergence (PRE) or cloransulam, chlorimuron, fomesafen, imazethapyr, or lactofen in tank-mixtures with acetochlor applied POSTe0
- Interactor
- giant ragweedAmbrosia trifidae0weed
- Outcome
- giant ragweed controle0
- Value
- 87% to 99%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Burndown application of 2,4-D followed by saflufenacil plus imazethapyr, S-metolachlor plus metribuzin, or sulfentrazone plus cloransulam applied pre-emergence (PRE) or cloransulam, chlorimuron, fomesafen, imazethapyr, or lactofen in tank-mixtures with acetochlor applied POST resulted in 87% to 99% giant ragweed control, reduced density to ≤7 plants m-2, and resulted in soybean yield from 2519 to 3823 kg·ha-1”
Claim · model-written summary
The two-pass programs reduced giant ragweed density to ≤7 plants m-2.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- giant ragweedAmbrosia trifidae0weed
- Outcome
- densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- ≤7 plants m-2e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulted in 87% to 99% giant ragweed control, reduced density to ≤7 plants m-2, and resulted in soybean yield from 2519 to 3823 kg·ha-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield under two-pass programs ranged from 2519 to 3823 kg·ha-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Value
- 2519 to 3823 kg·ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulted in soybean yield from 2519 to 3823 kg·ha-1”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE and POST two-pass programs did not differ in ragweed control, density, or soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- giant ragweedAmbrosia trifidae0weed
- Outcome
- giant ragweed control, density, or soybean yielde0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- PRE or POST herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no difference among and between 2,4-D followed by PRE or POST herbicides for giant ragweed control, density, or soybean yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 2,4-D burndown followed by tested PRE or POST herbicides effectively controls glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D in burndown program followed by PRE or POST herbicidese0
- Interactor
- glyphosate-resistant giant ragweede0weed
- Outcome
- effectively controllede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed can be effectively controlled in soybean by including 2,4-D in burndown program followed by PRE or POST herbicides tested in this study”
The same questions in other papers
metribuzin · Ambrosia trifida · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
chlorimuron · Ambrosia trifida · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
Imazethapyr · Ambrosia trifida · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
cloransulam · Ambrosia trifida · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
sulfentrazone · Ambrosia trifida · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
saflufenacil · Ambrosia trifida · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →fomesafen · Ambrosia trifida · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →2,4-D · Ambrosia trifida · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.