Paper · 2002 · Canadian Journal of Botany

Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae)

Lorena Ashworth; Leonardo Galetto

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
36
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

In dioecious and monoecious plants that depend on animal vectors for reproduction, pollinators have to be attracted to male and female flowers for pollination to be effective. In the monoecious Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana, male flowers are produced in greater quantity, are spatially more exposed to pollinators and offer pollen in addition to nectar as floral rewards. Nectar traits were compared between male and female flowers to determine any differences in the characteristics of the main reward offered to pollinators. Nectar chemical composition and sugar proportions were similar between flower types. Total nectar sugar production per female flower was threefold higher than per male flower, and nectar removal did not have any effect on total nectar production in both flower morphs. Pollinators reduced nectar standing crops to similar and very scarce amounts in both flower types. Results indicate indirectly that pollinators are consuming more nectar from female flowers, suggesting that the higher nectar production in female flowers may be a reward-based strategy to achieve the high female reproductive output observed in this species.Key words: Cucurbitaceae, Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana, nectar production, nectar sugar composition, removal effects, standing crop.

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Claims 7

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Male flowers were more numerous and more exposed to pollinators than female flowers.

Taxon
Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreanaCucurbita maxima subsp. andreanat0
Organ / stage
male flowerse0
Interactor
pollinatorse0pollinator
Outcome
male flowerse0
Direction
greater quantitye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana
Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana · TaxonFernando Lopez-Anido · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“male flowers are produced in greater quantity, are spatially more exposed to pollinators”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 226–314 · show in text ↑
t0

“Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–129 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nectar chemical composition and sugar proportions were similar between male and female flowers.

Taxon
Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreanaCucurbita maxima subsp. andreanat0
Outcome
Nectar chemical composition and sugar proportionse0
Direction
similare0
Comparator
flower typese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana
Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana · TaxonFernando Lopez-Anido · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nectar chemical composition and sugar proportions were similar between flower types.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 528–612 · show in text ↑
t0

“Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–129 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total nectar sugar production per female flower was threefold higher than per male flower.

Taxon
Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreanaCucurbita maxima subsp. andreanat0
Organ / stage
female flowere0
Outcome
Total nectar sugar productione0
Direction
highere0
Value
threefolde0
Comparator
male flowere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana
Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana · TaxonFernando Lopez-Anido · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Total nectar sugar production per female flower was threefold higher than per male flower”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 613–702 · show in text ↑
t0

“Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–129 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nectar removal did not affect total nectar production in either flower morph.

Taxon
Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreanaCucurbita maxima subsp. andreanat0
Treatment
nectar removale0
Outcome
total nectar productione0
Direction
did not have any effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana
Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana · TaxonFernando Lopez-Anido · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“nectar removal did not have any effect on total nectar production in both flower morphs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 708–796 · show in text ↑
t0

“Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–129 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pollinators reduced standing nectar to similarly scarce amounts in both flower types.

Taxon
Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreanaCucurbita maxima subsp. andreanat0
Interactor
Pollinatorse0pollinator
Outcome
nectar standing cropse0
Direction
reducede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana
Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana · TaxonFernando Lopez-Anido · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Pollinators reduced nectar standing crops to similar and very scarce amounts in both flower types.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 797–895 · show in text ↑
t0

“Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–129 · show in text ↑
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors infer greater pollinator nectar consumption from female flowers.

Taxon
Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreanaCucurbita maxima subsp. andreanat0
Organ / stage
female flowerse0
Interactor
pollinatorse0pollinator
Outcome
nectare0
Direction
moree0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana
Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana · TaxonFernando Lopez-Anido · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“pollinators are consuming more nectar from female flowers”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 929–986 · show in text ↑
t0

“Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–129 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest greater female-flower nectar production is a reward strategy for high female reproductive output.

Taxon
Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreanaCucurbita maxima subsp. andreanat0
Outcome
high female reproductive outpute0
Qualifier
higher nectar production in female flowerse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana
Cucurbita maxima subsp. andreana · TaxonFernando Lopez-Anido · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the higher nectar production in female flowers may be a reward-based strategy to achieve the high female reproductive output observed in this species.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1004–1154 · show in text ↑
t0

“Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima ssp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–129 · show in text ↑