Paper · 2013 · Indian Journal of Hill Farming

Vermicompost, Mulching and Irrigation Level on Growth, Yield and TSS of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Ramakrishna Yeluri

11
claims
13
verbatim quotes
6
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted for two years to investigate the effect of vermicompost, organic mulching and irrigation level on growth, yield and quality attributes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with an ultimate aim of optimizing water and nutrient requirement of tomato in mild-tropical climate during dry season. The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly. Application of vermicompost alone too increased the shelf-life of fruits by 25-106 % and TSS beyond 4.5 %, both of which are traits highly desirable for production of summer tomato and the related processing industry. The application of vermicompost @ 5 tonnes/ ha, 5 cm thick mulching with dried crop residues, two-thirds dose of NPK fertilizer (80:40:40 kg/ ha) and 30 % irrigation is optimum for obtaining better quality and productivity of field grown tomatoes during dry period of mild-tropical climate.

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Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost with organic mulching significantly increased plant height to 106.5 cm.

Treatment
vermicompost together with organic mulchinge0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
increasede0
Value
106.5 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–623 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost with organic mulching significantly increased leaf area to 40.6 cm 2.

Treatment
vermicompost together with organic mulchinge0
Outcome
leaf areae0
Direction
increasede0
Value
40.6 cm 2e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–623 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost with organic mulching significantly increased leaf weight to 1301 mg/ leaf.

Treatment
vermicompost together with organic mulchinge0
Outcome
leaf weighte0
Direction
increasede0
Value
1301 mg/ leafe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–623 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost with organic mulching significantly increased fruit weight to 92.9 g.

Treatment
vermicompost together with organic mulchinge0
Outcome
fruit weighte0
Direction
increasede0
Value
92.9 ge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–623 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost with organic mulching significantly increased fruit yield to 4.013 kg/ plant.

Treatment
vermicompost together with organic mulchinge0
Outcome
fruit yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
4.013 kg/ plante0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–623 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost with organic mulching significantly increased fruit density to 0.972 g/ cc.

Treatment
vermicompost together with organic mulchinge0
Outcome
fruit densitye0
Direction
increasede0
Value
0.972 g/ cce0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–623 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost with organic mulching significantly increased post-harvest shelf-life to 15.0 days.

Treatment
vermicompost together with organic mulchinge0
Outcome
post-harvest shelf-lifee0
Direction
increasede0
Value
15.0 dayse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–623 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost with organic mulching significantly increased TSS to 5.2o Brix.

Treatment
vermicompost together with organic mulchinge0
Outcome
TSSe0
Direction
increasede0
Value
5.2o Brixe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm 2 ), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf), fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/ cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2o Brix) of tomato significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–623 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost alone increased tomato fruit shelf life by 25-106 %.

Treatment
vermicompost alonee0
Outcome
shelf-life of fruitse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
25-106 %e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of vermicompost alone too increased the shelf-life of fruits by 25-106 %”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 624–708 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 72–78 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Vermicompost alone increased tomato fruit TSS beyond 4.5 %.

Treatment
vermicompost alonee0
Outcome
TSSe0
Direction
increasede0
Value
4.5 %e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of vermicompost alone too increased the shelf-life of fruits by 25-106 % and TSS beyond 4.5 %”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 624–729 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 72–78 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend 5 tonnes/ ha vermicompost, 5 cm mulch, two-thirds NPK and 30 % irrigation for tomato quality and productivity.

Treatment
vermicompost @ 5 tonnes/ ha, 5 cm thick mulching with dried crop residues, two-thirds dose of NPK fertilizer (80:40:40 kg/ ha) and 30 % irrigatione0
Outcome
better quality and productivitye0
Setting
field growne0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The application of vermicompost @ 5 tonnes/ ha, 5 cm thick mulching with dried crop residues, two-thirds dose of NPK fertilizer (80:40:40 kg/ ha) and 30 % irrigation is optimum for obtaining better quality and productivity of field grown tomatoes during dry period of mild-tropical climate.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–1132 · show in text ↑

mulching · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

15 papers: 13 positive, 2 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. positive

11 papers more in this group

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mulching · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

73 papers: 62 positive, 11 negative or no effect

61 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

69 papers more in this group

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mulching · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

55 papers: 44 positive, 11 negative or no effect

43 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

51 papers more in this group

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fertilization · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

111 papers: 90 positive, 21 negative or no effect

89 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

107 papers more in this group

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fertilization · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

144 papers: 129 positive, 15 negative or no effect

128 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

140 papers more in this group

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mulching · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

210 papers: 184 positive, 26 negative or no effect

183 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 9 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

206 papers more in this group

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fertilization · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

668 papers: 567 positive, 101 negative or no effect

566 papers in the same direction as this paper · 93 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

664 papers more in this group

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fertilization · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

978 papers: 850 positive, 128 negative or no effect

849 papers in the same direction as this paper · 104 in the opposite direction · 24 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

974 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.