Abstract
Soil compaction includes a set of underlying stresses that limit root growth such as increased impedance and limited oxygen availability. The aims of the present study were to (i) find acclimations of triticale (× Triticosecale) and soybean (Glycine max L.) roots to compacted soils in the field; (ii) reproduce these under controlled conditions; and (iii) associate these responses with soil physical properties. To this end, plants were grown at two different soil bulk densities in the field and under controlled conditions representing mature root systems and the seedling stage respectively. Diameters, lateral branching densities, the cortical proportion within the total root cross-section and the occurrence of cortical aerenchyma of main roots were quantified. Soil compaction caused decreasing root branching and increasing cortical proportions in both crops and environments. In triticale, root diameters and the occurrence of aerenchyma increased in response to compaction in the field and under controlled conditions. In soybean, these acclimations occurred at an initial developmental stage but due to radial root growth not in mature roots. These results showed that responses of root systems to compacted soils in the field are, to a large extent, reproducible under controlled conditions, enabling increased throughput, phenotyping-based breeding programs in the future. Furthermore, the occurrence of aerenchyma clearly indicated the important role of limited oxygen availability in compacted soils on root growth.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction decreased root branching in triticale.
- Taxon
- triticale
×Triticosecalet0 - Treatment
- Soil compactione0
- Outcome
- root branchinge0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil compaction caused decreasing root branching and increasing cortical proportions in both crops and environments.”
t0“triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction decreased root branching in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Soil compactione0
- Outcome
- root branchinge0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil compaction caused decreasing root branching and increasing cortical proportions in both crops and environments.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction increased cortical proportions in triticale roots.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- Soil compactione0
- Outcome
- cortical proportionse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil compaction caused decreasing root branching and increasing cortical proportions in both crops and environments.”
t0“triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction increased cortical proportions in soybean roots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Soil compactione0
- Outcome
- cortical proportionse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil compaction caused decreasing root branching and increasing cortical proportions in both crops and environments.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction increased triticale root diameter.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee0
- Treatment
- compactione0
- Outcome
- root diameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- the field and under controlled conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In triticale, root diameters and the occurrence of aerenchyma increased in response to compaction in the field and under controlled conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction increased aerenchyma occurrence in triticale.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee0
- Treatment
- compactione0
- Outcome
- occurrence of aerenchymae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- the field and under controlled conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In triticale, root diameters and the occurrence of aerenchyma increased in response to compaction in the field and under controlled conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean root diameter and aerenchyma acclimations occurred at an initial developmental stage, but not in mature roots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- an initial developmental stagee0
- Outcome
- these acclimationse0
- Qualifier
- not in mature rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In soybean, these acclimations occurred at an initial developmental stage but due to radial root growth not in mature roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Field root responses to compaction were largely reproducible under controlled conditions.
- Taxon
- triticale and soybeanGlycine max×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- reproducible under controlled conditionse0
- Comparator
- the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“responses of root systems to compacted soils in the field are, to a large extent, reproducible under controlled conditions”
t0“triticale and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerenchyma occurrence indicated an important role of limited oxygen in compacted soil root growth.
- Taxon
- triticale and soybeanGlycine max×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Qualifier
- limited oxygen availability in compacted soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the occurrence of aerenchyma clearly indicated the important role of limited oxygen availability in compacted soils on root growth.”
t0“triticale and soybean”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 52 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
80 papers more in this group
See all 84 papers →tillage · growth · x Triticosecale (triticale)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.