Abstract
Harvest-induced senescence of broccoli results in tissue wilting and sepal chlorosis. As senescence progresses, chlorophyll and protein levels in floret tissues decline and endo-protease activity (measured with azo-casein) increases. Protease activity increased from 24 h after harvest for tissues held in air at 20 degrees C. Activity was lower in floret tissues from branchlets that had been held in solutions of sucrose (2% w/v) or under high carbon dioxide, low oxygen (10% CO(2), 5% O(2)) conditions. Four protease-active protein bands were identified in senescing floret tissue by zymography, and the use of chemical inhibitors of protease action suggests that some 44% of protease activity in senescing floret tissue 72 h after harvest is due to the action of cysteine and serine proteases. Four putative cysteine protease cDNAs have been isolated from broccoli floret tissue (BoCP1, BoCP2, BoCP3, BoCP4). The cDNAs are most similar (73-89% at the amino acid level) to dehydration-responsive cysteine proteases previously isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (RD19, RD21). The mRNAs encoded by the broccoli cDNAs are expressed in floret tissue during harvest-induced senescence with mRNA accumulating within 6 h of harvest for BoCP1, 12 h of harvest for BoCP4 and within 24 h of harvest for BoCP2 and BoCP3. Induction of the cDNAs is differentially delayed when broccoli branchlets are held in solutions of water or sucrose. In addition, the expression of BoCP1 and BoCP3 is inhibited in tissue held in atmospheres of high carbon dioxide/low oxygen (10% CO(2), 5% O(2)). The putative cysteine protease mRNAs are expressed before measurable increases in endo-protease activity, loss of protein, chlorophyll or tissue chlorosis.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest-induced senescence produced tissue wilting and sepal chlorosis in broccoli.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicae0 - Outcome
- tissue wilting and sepal chlorosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Harvest-induced senescence of broccoli results in tissue wilting and sepal chlorosis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll and protein levels in broccoli floret tissues declined as senescence progressed.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- floret tissuese0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and protein levelse0
- Direction
- declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As senescence progresses, chlorophyll and protein levels in floret tissues decline”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
Endo-protease activity increased as broccoli floret senescence progressed.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- floret tissuese0
- Outcome
- endo-protease activitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As senescence progresses, chlorophyll and protein levels in floret tissues decline and endo-protease activity (measured with azo-casein) increases.”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
Protease activity increased from 24 h after harvest in tissues held in air at 20 degrees C.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- air at 20 degrees Ce0
- Outcome
- Protease activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- from 24 h after harveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protease activity increased from 24 h after harvest for tissues held in air at 20 degrees C.”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose solution lowered protease activity in broccoli floret tissues.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- floret tissuese0
- Treatment
- solutions of sucrose (2% w/v)e0
- Outcome
- Activitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activity was lower in floret tissues from branchlets that had been held in solutions of sucrose (2% w/v) or under high carbon dioxide, low oxygen (10% CO(2), 5% O(2)) conditions.”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
High carbon dioxide and low oxygen lowered protease activity in broccoli floret tissues.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- floret tissuese0
- Treatment
- high carbon dioxide, low oxygen (10% CO(2), 5% O(2)) conditionse0
- Outcome
- Activitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activity was lower in floret tissues from branchlets that had been held in solutions of sucrose (2% w/v) or under high carbon dioxide, low oxygen (10% CO(2), 5% O(2)) conditions.”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
Zymography identified four protease-active protein bands in senescing broccoli floret tissue.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- senescing floret tissuee0
- Outcome
- protease-active protein bandse0
- Value
- Foure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four protease-active protein bands were identified in senescing floret tissue by zymography”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
Cysteine and serine proteases accounted for about 44% of protease activity 72 h after harvest.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Gene
- cysteine and serine proteasese0
- Outcome
- protease activitye0
- Value
- 44%e0
- Qualifier
- 72 h after harveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some 44% of protease activity in senescing floret tissue 72 h after harvest is due to the action of cysteine and serine proteases”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
Four putative cysteine protease cDNAs were isolated from broccoli floret tissue.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Gene
- BoCP1, BoCP2, BoCP3, BoCP4e0
- Outcome
- cysteine protease cDNAse0
- Value
- Foure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four putative cysteine protease cDNAs have been isolated from broccoli floret tissue (BoCP1, BoCP2, BoCP3, BoCP4).”
Claim · model-written summary
Broccoli cysteine protease cDNAs were most similar to dehydration-responsive Arabidopsis proteases at 73-89% amino acid similarity.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Gene
- RD19, RD21e0
- Outcome
- similare0
- Value
- 73-89%e0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cDNAs are most similar (73-89% at the amino acid level) to dehydration-responsive cysteine proteases previously isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (RD19, RD21).”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
BoCP1 mRNA accumulated within 6 h of harvest in broccoli floret tissue.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Gene
- BoCP1e0
- Outcome
- mRNA accumulatinge0
- Value
- 6 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mRNA accumulating within 6 h of harvest for BoCP1”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
BoCP4 mRNA accumulated within 12 h of harvest in broccoli floret tissue.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae1
- Gene
- BoCP4e0
- Outcome
- mRNA accumulatinge1
- Value
- 12 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“12 h of harvest for BoCP4”
e1“The mRNAs encoded by the broccoli cDNAs are expressed in floret tissue during harvest-induced senescence with mRNA accumulating within 6 h of harvest for BoCP1, 12 h of harvest for BoCP4 and within 24 h of harvest for BoCP2 and BoCP3.”
Claim · model-written summary
BoCP2 and BoCP3 mRNAs accumulated within 24 h of harvest in broccoli floret tissue.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae1
- Gene
- BoCP2 and BoCP3e0
- Outcome
- mRNA accumulatinge1
- Value
- 24 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“within 24 h of harvest for BoCP2 and BoCP3”
e1“The mRNAs encoded by the broccoli cDNAs are expressed in floret tissue during harvest-induced senescence with mRNA accumulating within 6 h of harvest for BoCP1, 12 h of harvest for BoCP4 and within 24 h of harvest for BoCP2 and BoCP3.”
Claim · model-written summary
Holding broccoli branchlets in water delayed induction of cysteine protease cDNAs.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- solutions of watere0
- Gene
- cDNAse0
- Outcome
- Induction of the cDNAse0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Induction of the cDNAs is differentially delayed when broccoli branchlets are held in solutions of water or sucrose.”
Claim · model-written summary
Holding broccoli branchlets in sucrose delayed induction of cysteine protease cDNAs.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- sucrosee0
- Gene
- cDNAse0
- Outcome
- Induction of the cDNAse0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Induction of the cDNAs is differentially delayed when broccoli branchlets are held in solutions of water or sucrose.”
Claim · model-written summary
High carbon dioxide and low oxygen inhibited BoCP1 and BoCP3 expression.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- high carbon dioxide/low oxygen (10% CO(2), 5% O(2))e0
- Gene
- BoCP1 and BoCP3e0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of BoCP1 and BoCP3 is inhibited in tissue held in atmospheres of high carbon dioxide/low oxygen (10% CO(2), 5% O(2))”
t0“broccoli florets”
Claim · model-written summary
Putative cysteine protease mRNAs were expressed before increases in endo-protease activity, protein and chlorophyll loss, or tissue chlorosis.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Gene
- cysteine protease mRNAse0
- Outcome
- expressed before measurable increases in endo-protease activity, loss of protein, chlorophyll or tissue chlorosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The putative cysteine protease mRNAs are expressed before measurable increases in endo-protease activity, loss of protein, chlorophyll or tissue chlorosis.”
t0“broccoli florets”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · molecular: expression · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.