Abstract
Grazing of cereal crops reduces canopy light interception and could potentially reduce biomass production and grain yields. Alternatively, defoliation after canopy closure may increase light penetration and enhance radiation-use efficiency (RUE, shoot dry matter produced per unit light intercepted). Changes in dry matter partitioning following grazing may also ameliorate grain yield penalties. Experiments with rainfed winter wheat were conducted near Canberra, Australia, to investigate the effect of different intensity or duration of grazing on two cultivars. Grazing reduced leaf area index (LAI), light interception and growth rates by up to 90% but did not affect overall RUE. Although grazing caused significant reductions in cumulative light interception and total dry matter accumulation, it did not affect grain yields because grazed crops had delayed phenological development, allowing increased partitioning of shoot dry matter to spikes. Grazing reduced stem dry matter accumulation and consequently decreased the amount of stem assimilate available for retranslocation to kernels by up to 75%. However, by delaying crop ontogeny, grazing prolonged green area duration after anthesis and thereby increased the supply of assimilates from current photosynthesis to developing kernels, mitigating potential yield penalties caused by defoliation.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing reduced LAI, light interception, and growth rates by up to 90%.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Grazinge0
- Outcome
- leaf area index (LAI), light interception and growth ratese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- up to 90%e0
- Setting
- rainfedt0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grazing reduced leaf area index (LAI), light interception and growth rates by up to 90%”
t0“rainfed winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing did not affect overall RUE.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Grazinge0
- Outcome
- overall RUEe0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grazing reduced leaf area index (LAI), light interception and growth rates by up to 90% but did not affect overall RUE.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing significantly reduced cumulative light interception and total dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- grazinge0
- Outcome
- cumulative light interception and total dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing caused significant reductions in cumulative light interception and total dry matter accumulation”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing did not affect grain yields.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- grazinge0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although grazing caused significant reductions in cumulative light interception and total dry matter accumulation, it did not affect grain yields”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazed crops had delayed phenological development.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- grazede0
- Outcome
- phenological developmente0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazed crops had delayed phenological development”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing increased partitioning of shoot dry matter to spikes.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- grazede0
- Outcome
- partitioning of shoot dry matter to spikese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“because grazed crops had delayed phenological development, allowing increased partitioning of shoot dry matter to spikes”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing reduced stem dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Grazinge0
- Outcome
- stem dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grazing reduced stem dry matter accumulation”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing decreased stem assimilate available for retranslocation to kernels by up to 75%.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Grazinge0
- Outcome
- stem assimilate available for retranslocation to kernelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- up to 75%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grazing reduced stem dry matter accumulation and consequently decreased the amount of stem assimilate available for retranslocation to kernels by up to 75%.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing prolonged green area duration after anthesis.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- grazinge0
- Outcome
- green area duration after anthesise0
- Direction
- prolongede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing prolonged green area duration after anthesis”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing increased assimilate supply from current photosynthesis to developing kernels.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- grazinge0
- Outcome
- supply of assimilates from current photosynthesis to developing kernelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing prolonged green area duration after anthesis and thereby increased the supply of assimilates from current photosynthesis to developing kernels”
t0“winter wheat”
The same questions in other papers
grazing · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
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1 in the opposite direction
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grazing · phenology · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.