Abstract
DL-beta-aminobutyric acid (BABA) is a non-protein amino acid that is an effective inducer of resistance against a variety of plant pathogens. However, examples of BABA-induced resistance against insect herbivores have not been reported. We applied BABA as a soil drench to legumes and monitored its effects on the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). On tic bean (Vicia faba var. minor), BABA increased aphid mortality, caused a reduction in the mean relative growth rate of individual insects and lessened the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm). BABA also caused significant reductions in the growth rate of A. pisum on pea (Pisum sativa), broad bean (Vicia faba var. major), runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa). No direct toxic effects of BABA against A. pisum were found, and no phytotoxic effects that may have caused a reduction in aphid performance were detected. Possible mechanisms behind this BABA-induced inhibition of aphid performance are discussed.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
BABA increased aphid mortality on tic bean.
- Taxon
- Acyrthosiphon pisum
-PLoS.jpg?width=60)
Acyrthosiphon pisume1 - Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Vicia faba var. minor
_erntereife_H%C3%BClsen%2C_Josef_Schlaghecken.jpg?width=60)
Vicia faba var. minore0host - Outcome
- aphid mortalitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
-PLoS.jpg?width=500)
_erntereife_H%C3%BClsen%2C_Josef_Schlaghecken.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“On tic bean (Vicia faba var. minor), BABA increased aphid mortality, caused a reduction in the mean relative growth rate of individual insects and lessened the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm).”
e1“the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA reduced individual aphid mean relative growth rate on tic bean.
- Taxon
- Acyrthosiphon pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume1
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Vicia faba var. minorVicia faba var. minore0host
- Outcome
- mean relative growth rate of individual insectse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On tic bean (Vicia faba var. minor), BABA increased aphid mortality, caused a reduction in the mean relative growth rate of individual insects and lessened the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm).”
e1“the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA lessened aphid intrinsic population increase on tic bean.
- Taxon
- Acyrthosiphon pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume1
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Vicia faba var. minorVicia faba var. minore0host
- Outcome
- intrinsic rate of population increase (rm)e0
- Direction
- lessenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On tic bean (Vicia faba var. minor), BABA increased aphid mortality, caused a reduction in the mean relative growth rate of individual insects and lessened the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm).”
e1“the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA significantly reduced A. pisum growth rate on pea.
- Taxon
- A. pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume0
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Pisum sativae0host
- Outcome
- growth rate of A. pisume0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BABA also caused significant reductions in the growth rate of A. pisum on pea (Pisum sativa), broad bean (Vicia faba var. major), runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa).”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA significantly reduced A. pisum growth rate on broad bean.
- Taxon
- A. pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume0
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Vicia faba var. majorVicia faba var. majore0host
- Outcome
- growth rate of A. pisume0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BABA also caused significant reductions in the growth rate of A. pisum on pea (Pisum sativa), broad bean (Vicia faba var. major), runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa).”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA significantly reduced A. pisum growth rate on runner bean.
- Taxon
- A. pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume0
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Phaseolus coccineus
Phaseolus coccineuse0host - Outcome
- growth rate of A. pisume0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BABA also caused significant reductions in the growth rate of A. pisum on pea (Pisum sativa), broad bean (Vicia faba var. major), runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa).”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA significantly reduced A. pisum growth rate on red clover.
- Taxon
- A. pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume0
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Trifolium pratense
Trifolium pratensee0host - Outcome
- growth rate of A. pisume0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BABA also caused significant reductions in the growth rate of A. pisum on pea (Pisum sativa), broad bean (Vicia faba var. major), runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa).”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA significantly reduced A. pisum growth rate on alfalfa.
- Taxon
- A. pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume0
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Interactor
- Medicago sativa
Medicago sativae0host - Outcome
- growth rate of A. pisume0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BABA also caused significant reductions in the growth rate of A. pisum on pea (Pisum sativa), broad bean (Vicia faba var. major), runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa).”
Claim · model-written summary
No direct toxic effects of BABA against A. pisum were found.
- Taxon
- A. pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume0
- Treatment
- BABAe0
- Outcome
- direct toxic effectse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No direct toxic effects of BABA against A. pisum were found”
Claim · model-written summary
No phytotoxic effects potentially reducing aphid performance were detected in legumes.
- Taxon
- legumese1
- Treatment
- BABA as a soil drenche1
- Interactor
- Acyrthosiphon pisumAcyrthosiphon pisume1pest
- Outcome
- no phytotoxic effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no phytotoxic effects that may have caused a reduction in aphid performance were detected”
e1“We applied BABA as a soil drench to legumes and monitored its effects on the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris).”