Abstract
Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and `Mary Washington' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) were primed in -0.8 MPa (20C, 1 week, dark) polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG), synthetic seawater (INO), or NaNO 3 . Primed seeds of both species had a higher percentage of germination than untreated seeds only at 10C in nonsaline (– 0.05 MPa) medium, while in saline medium (– 0.6 MPa) priming increased the percentage of germination of tomato seeds at 10 and 30C, and of primed asparagus seeds at 10 and 20C. Sodium nitrate was superior to PEG or IN0 for priming tomato seeds since it resulted in fewer days to 50% germination and higher final germination percentage in saline media at all temperatures. IN0 was a satisfactory alternative to PEG or NaNO 3 for priming asparagus seeds since priming agent had little or no effect on germination. Seedling emergence from NaNO 3 -primed seeds of both species sown in a seedbed provided saline (– 0.39 MPa) irrigation was faster than from untreated dry-sown seeds. In the saline seedbed, priming increased final emergence percentage (FEP) from asparagus seeds, provided they were not subsequently dried, but had no effect on the percentage emergence of tomato seeds. Fluid-drilling primed or germinated seeds of either species enhanced seedling establishment in the saline seedbed by reducing time to 50% emergence and/or increasing FEP relative to primed, dried-b&k or untreated seeds.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased final germination percentage of tomato seeds in saline medium at 10 and 30C
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Material
- Ace 55e1
- Treatment
- priminge2
- Outcome
- percentage of germinatione2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- at 10 and 30Ce2
- Setting
- saline mediume2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e2“in saline medium (– 0.6 MPa) priming increased the percentage of germination of tomato seeds at 10 and 30C, and of primed asparagus seeds at 10 and 20C”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased final germination percentage of asparagus seeds in saline medium at 10 and 20C
- Material
- Mary Washingtone1
- Treatment
- priminge2
- Outcome
- percentage of germinatione2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- at 10 and 20Ce2
- Setting
- saline mediume2
AsparagusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“`Mary Washington' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)”
e2“in saline medium (– 0.6 MPa) priming increased the percentage of germination of tomato seeds at 10 and 30C, and of primed asparagus seeds at 10 and 20C”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed tomato seeds germinated to a higher percentage than untreated seeds only at 10C in nonsaline medium
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Ace 55e1
- Treatment
- Primed seedse3
- Outcome
- percentage of germinatione3
- Direction
- highere3
- Qualifier
- only at 10Ce3
- Comparator
- untreated seedse3
- Setting
- nonsaline (– 0.05 MPa) mediume3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e3“Primed seeds of both species had a higher percentage of germination than untreated seeds only at 10C in nonsaline (– 0.05 MPa) medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed asparagus seeds germinated to a higher percentage than untreated seeds only at 10C in nonsaline medium
- Material
- Mary Washingtone1
- Treatment
- Primed seedse3
- Outcome
- percentage of germinatione3
- Direction
- highere3
- Qualifier
- only at 10Ce3
- Comparator
- untreated seedse3
- Setting
- nonsaline (– 0.05 MPa) mediume3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“`Mary Washington' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)”
e3“Primed seeds of both species had a higher percentage of germination than untreated seeds only at 10C in nonsaline (– 0.05 MPa) medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium nitrate priming gave fewer days to 50% germination in tomato than PEG or IN0 in saline media
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Ace 55e1
- Treatment
- Sodium nitratee4
- Outcome
- days to 50% germinatione4
- Direction
- fewere4
- Qualifier
- in saline media at all temperaturese4
- Comparator
- PEG or IN0e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e4“Sodium nitrate was superior to PEG or IN0 for priming tomato seeds since it resulted in fewer days to 50% germination and higher final germination percentage in saline media at all temperatures”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium nitrate priming gave higher final germination percentage in tomato than PEG or IN0 in saline media
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Ace 55e1
- Treatment
- Sodium nitratee4
- Outcome
- final germination percentagee4
- Direction
- highere4
- Qualifier
- in saline media at all temperaturese4
- Comparator
- PEG or IN0e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e4“Sodium nitrate was superior to PEG or IN0 for priming tomato seeds since it resulted in fewer days to 50% germination and higher final germination percentage in saline media at all temperatures”
Claim · model-written summary
IN0 priming had little or no effect on asparagus germination compared with PEG or NaNO3
- Material
- Mary Washingtone1
- Treatment
- IN0e5
- Outcome
- germinatione5
- Direction
- little or no effecte5
- Comparator
- PEG or NaNO 3e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“`Mary Washington' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)”
e5“IN0 was a satisfactory alternative to PEG or NaNO 3 for priming asparagus seeds since priming agent had little or no effect on germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings of NaNO3-primed tomato seeds emerged faster than untreated dry-sown seeds in a saline seedbed
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Ace 55e1
- Treatment
- NaNO 3 -primede6
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee6
- Direction
- fastere6
- Qualifier
- saline (– 0.39 MPa) irrigatione6
- Comparator
- untreated dry-sown seedse6
- Setting
- seedbede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e6“Seedling emergence from NaNO 3 -primed seeds of both species sown in a seedbed provided saline (– 0.39 MPa) irrigation was faster than from untreated dry-sown seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings of NaNO3-primed asparagus seeds emerged faster than untreated dry-sown seeds in a saline seedbed
- Material
- Mary Washingtone1
- Treatment
- NaNO 3 -primede6
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee6
- Direction
- fastere6
- Qualifier
- saline (– 0.39 MPa) irrigatione6
- Comparator
- untreated dry-sown seedse6
- Setting
- seedbede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“`Mary Washington' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)”
e6“Seedling emergence from NaNO 3 -primed seeds of both species sown in a seedbed provided saline (– 0.39 MPa) irrigation was faster than from untreated dry-sown seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased final emergence percentage of asparagus seeds in a saline seedbed if they were not subsequently dried
- Material
- Mary Washingtone1
- Treatment
- priminge7
- Outcome
- final emergence percentage (FEP)e7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- provided they were not subsequently driede7
- Setting
- saline seedbede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“`Mary Washington' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)”
e7“In the saline seedbed, priming increased final emergence percentage (FEP) from asparagus seeds, provided they were not subsequently dried, but had no effect on the percentage emergence of tomato seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming had no effect on the emergence percentage of tomato seeds in a saline seedbed
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Ace 55e1
- Treatment
- priminge7
- Outcome
- percentage emergencee7
- Direction
- no effecte7
- Setting
- saline seedbede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e7“In the saline seedbed, priming increased final emergence percentage (FEP) from asparagus seeds, provided they were not subsequently dried, but had no effect on the percentage emergence of tomato seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluid-drilling reduced time to 50% emergence of tomato seeds in a saline seedbed relative to primed, dried or untreated seeds
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Ace 55e1
- Treatment
- Fluid-drillinge7
- Outcome
- time to 50% emergencee7
- Direction
- reducinge7
- Comparator
- primed, dried-b&k or untreated seedse7
- Setting
- saline seedbede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e7“Fluid-drilling primed or germinated seeds of either species enhanced seedling establishment in the saline seedbed by reducing time to 50% emergence and/or increasing FEP relative to primed, dried-b&k or untreated seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluid-drilling reduced time to 50% emergence of asparagus seeds in a saline seedbed relative to primed, dried or untreated seeds
- Material
- Mary Washingtone1
- Treatment
- Fluid-drillinge7
- Outcome
- time to 50% emergencee7
- Direction
- reducinge7
- Comparator
- primed, dried-b&k or untreated seedse7
- Setting
- saline seedbede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“`Mary Washington' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)”
e7“Fluid-drilling primed or germinated seeds of either species enhanced seedling establishment in the saline seedbed by reducing time to 50% emergence and/or increasing FEP relative to primed, dried-b&k or untreated seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluid-drilling increased FEP of tomato seeds in a saline seedbed relative to primed, dried or untreated seeds
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Ace 55e1
- Treatment
- Fluid-drillinge7
- Outcome
- FEPe7
- Direction
- increasinge7
- Comparator
- primed, dried-b&k or untreated seedse7
- Setting
- saline seedbede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seeds of `Ace 55' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e7“Fluid-drilling primed or germinated seeds of either species enhanced seedling establishment in the saline seedbed by reducing time to 50% emergence and/or increasing FEP relative to primed, dried-b&k or untreated seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluid-drilling increased FEP of asparagus seeds in a saline seedbed relative to primed, dried or untreated seeds
- Material
- Mary Washingtone1
- Treatment
- Fluid-drillinge7
- Outcome
- FEPe7
- Direction
- increasinge7
- Comparator
- primed, dried-b&k or untreated seedse7
- Setting
- saline seedbede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“`Mary Washington' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)”
e7“Fluid-drilling primed or germinated seeds of either species enhanced seedling establishment in the saline seedbed by reducing time to 50% emergence and/or increasing FEP relative to primed, dried-b&k or untreated seeds”
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