Abstract
Problem Statement: In assessing fertilizer effects to sustain an intensive cropping system, the residual effects of fertilizer applied to preceding maize on the growth and yield of cassava and the effects of intercropping with soybean were studied in field experiments at Ibadan, Nigeria. Approach: Maize, established in April was fertilized using either organic manure or inorganic fertilizer or a mixture of organic manure and inorganic fertilizers. Organic manure was an equal mixture of domestic waste collected from a composted refuse dumping site applied at l0 t ha-1. Inorganic fertilizer was 150kg N supplied as urea and 50 kg P ha-1 as Single Super phosphate fertilizer. The mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizer treatment was 5 tonnes organic manure and 75kg N+25 kg P ha-1. Cassava was established in June and soybean planted in July, after harvesting maize. Results: Organic fertilizer treatment gave the tallest Soybean plants of 53 cm. Plants from sole inorganic fertilizer and from a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers had comparable heights but were significantly lower than plants from sole organic fertilizer application. Organic fertilizer application gave the highest seed yield of 481 kg ha-1 that was significantly higher than 380 kg ha-1 observed from a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Stover yield followed the same trend as seed yield. Cassava plant height was increased with fertilization but was reduced with intercropping. Sole organic fertilization had the tallest plants of 206 cm. Plant leaf area was neither significantly affected by fertilizer type nor cropping system. Fresh root yield was significantly reduced by 16% with soybean intercropping. Sole organic fertilizer application gave the highest yields of 22 tons ha-1 in sole crop and 18 tons ha-1 in intercrop with soybean. Conclusion: Cultivating an early season maize crop, followed by a cassava-soybean intercrop is more favored with application of 10 tons ha-1 organic fertilizer.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer gave the tallest soybean plants, 53 cm.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- Organic fertilizer treatmente1
- Outcome
- heightse2
- Direction
- talleste1
- Value
- 53 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Organic fertilizer treatment gave the tallest Soybean plants of 53 cm”
e2“had comparable heights”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole inorganic fertilizer gave soybean heights significantly lower than sole organic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- sole inorganic fertilizere4
- Outcome
- heightse4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Comparator
- sole organic fertilizer applicatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Organic fertilizer treatment gave the tallest Soybean plants of 53 cm”
e4“Plants from sole inorganic fertilizer and from a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers had comparable heights but were significantly lower than plants from sole organic fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole inorganic fertilizer and the organic-inorganic mixture gave comparable soybean heights.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- sole inorganic fertilizere4
- Outcome
- heightse4
- Direction
- comparablee4
- Comparator
- a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizerse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Organic fertilizer treatment gave the tallest Soybean plants of 53 cm”
e4“Plants from sole inorganic fertilizer and from a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers had comparable heights but were significantly lower than plants from sole organic fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer application gave the highest soybean seed yield, 481 kg ha-1, higher than the mixture at 380 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Organic fertilizer applicatione5
- Outcome
- seed yielde5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 481 kg ha-1e5
- Qualifier
- 380 kg ha-1e5
- Comparator
- a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizerse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Organic fertilizer treatment gave the tallest Soybean plants of 53 cm”
e5“Organic fertilizer application gave the highest seed yield of 481 kg ha-1 that was significantly higher than 380 kg ha-1 observed from a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean stover yield followed the same trend as seed yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- Stover yield followed the same trend as seed yielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Organic fertilizer treatment gave the tallest Soybean plants of 53 cm”
e6“Stover yield followed the same trend as seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization increased cassava plant height.
- Taxon
- Cassava
Manihot esculentae7 - Treatment
- fertilizatione7
- Outcome
- plant heighte7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Cassava plant height was increased with fertilization but was reduced with intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping reduced cassava plant height.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae7
- Treatment
- intercroppinge7
- Outcome
- plant heighte7
- Direction
- reducede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Cassava plant height was increased with fertilization but was reduced with intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer type did not significantly affect cassava leaf area.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- fertilizer typee1
- Outcome
- Plant leaf areae1
- Direction
- neither significantly affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield of Cassava”
e1“Plant leaf area was neither significantly affected by fertilizer type nor cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Cropping system did not significantly affect cassava leaf area.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- cropping systeme1
- Outcome
- Plant leaf areae1
- Direction
- neither significantly affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield of Cassava”
e1“Plant leaf area was neither significantly affected by fertilizer type nor cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean intercropping reduced fresh cassava root yield by 16%.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- soybean intercroppinge2
- Outcome
- Fresh root yielde2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 16%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield of Cassava”
e2“Fresh root yield was significantly reduced by 16% with soybean intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole organic fertilizer application gave the highest cassava yield, 22 tons ha-1, in sole crop.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Sole organic fertilizer applicatione3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 22 tons ha-1e3
- Qualifier
- in sole crope3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield of Cassava”
e3“Sole organic fertilizer application gave the highest yields of 22 tons ha-1 in sole crop and 18 tons ha-1 in intercrop with soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole organic fertilizer application gave the highest cassava yield, 18 tons ha-1, in intercrop with soybean.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Sole organic fertilizer applicatione3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 18 tons ha-1e3
- Qualifier
- in intercrop with soybeane3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield of Cassava”
e3“Sole organic fertilizer application gave the highest yields of 22 tons ha-1 in sole crop and 18 tons ha-1 in intercrop with soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Early-season maize followed by a cassava-soybean intercrop is favoured with 10 tons ha-1 organic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae2
- Treatment
- 10 tons ha-1 organic fertilizere2
- Outcome
- Cultivating an early season maize crop, followed by a cassava-soybean intercrope2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Cultivating an early season maize crop, followed by a cassava-soybean intercrop is more favored with application of 10 tons ha-1 organic fertilizer”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.