Abstract
Field experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran, in 2005-2006 and 2006- 2007 growing seasons. Two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (704, 301), vetch (Vicia villosa), bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia), berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) sole crops as well as intercrops of maize hybrids with each of the legumes were used to evaluate the effects of legumes on forage yield and quality. The experiment was carried out as randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that intercropping systems had a significant effect on the dry matter yield, crude protein (CP) yield, ash content, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentration. The CP yield, dry matter yield and ash content of maize forage increased by intercropping as compared with the maize monoculture. Also intercropping of legumes with maize significantly reduced NDF and ADF content, thus increasing digestibility of the forage. The highest and lowest NDF and ADF content were achieved in maize hybrid (704) monoculture, intercropping of maize hybrid (301) with bitter vetch, vetch and bean, respectively. In all intercropping treatments, land equivalent ratios (LER) were well above 1 indicating yield advantages for intercropping. It can be concluded that maize-legumes intercrops could substantially increase forage quantity and quality and decrease requirements for protein supplements as compared with the maize monocultures.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping with legumes increased CP yield, dry matter yield and ash content of maize forage relative to maize monoculture.
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- CP yield, dry matter yield and ash contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- maize monoculturee0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The CP yield, dry matter yield and ash content of maize forage increased by intercropping as compared with the maize monoculture”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping legumes with maize significantly reduced NDF and ADF content of the forage.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“intercropping of legumes with maize significantly reduced NDF and ADF content”
Claim · model-written summary
By lowering NDF and ADF, intercropping legumes with maize increased forage digestibility.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“intercropping of legumes with maize significantly reduced NDF and ADF content, thus increasing digestibility of the forage”
Claim · model-written summary
NDF and ADF content were highest in maize hybrid 704 monoculture and lowest in maize hybrid 301 intercropped with bitter vetch, vetch and bean.
- Material
- maize hybrid (704)e0
- Outcome
- NDF and ADF contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- intercropping of maize hybrid (301) with bitter vetch, vetch and beane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest and lowest NDF and ADF content were achieved in maize hybrid (704) monoculture, intercropping of maize hybrid (301) with bitter vetch, vetch and bean, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Land equivalent ratios were well above 1 in all intercropping treatments, indicating a yield advantage.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all intercropping treatments, land equivalent ratios (LER) were well above 1 indicating yield advantages for intercropping”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize-legume intercrops could substantially increase forage quantity and quality relative to maize monocultures.
- Treatment
- maize-legumes intercropse0
- Outcome
- forage quantity and qualitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- maize monoculturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“maize-legumes intercrops could substantially increase forage quantity and quality and decrease requirements for protein supplements as compared with the maize monocultures”
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