Abstract
Iron deficiency responses were investigated in roots of soybean, a Strategy I plant species. Soybean responds to iron deficiency by decreasing growth, both at the root and shoot level. Chlorotic symptoms in younger leaves were evident after a few days of iron deficiency, with chlorophyll content being dramatically decreased. Moreover, several important differences were found as compared with other species belonging to the same Strategy I. The main differences are (i) a lower capacity to acidify the hydroponic culture medium, that was also reflected by a lower H(+)-ATPase activity as determined in a plasma membrane-enriched fraction isolated from the roots; (ii) a drastically reduced activity of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase enzyme; (iii) a decrease in both cytosolic and vacuolar pHs; (iv) an increase in the vacuolar phosphate concentration, and (v) an increased exudation of organic carbon, particularly citrate, phenolics, and amino acids. Apparently, in soybean roots, some of the responses to iron deficiency, such as the acidification of the rhizosphere and other related processes, do not occur or occur only at a lower degree. These results suggest that the biochemical mechanisms induced by this nutritional disorder are differently regulated in this plant. A possible role of inorganic phosphate in the balance of intracellular pHs is also discussed.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Iron deficiency decreased soybean root and shoot growth.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- iron deficiencye0
- Outcome
- growth, both at the root and shoot levele0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean responds to iron deficiency by decreasing growth, both at the root and shoot level.”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron deficiency produced chlorosis in younger soybean leaves.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- younger leavese0
- Treatment
- iron deficiencye0
- Outcome
- Chlorotic symptomse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorotic symptoms in younger leaves were evident after a few days of iron deficiency”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron deficiency dramatically decreased soybean chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- iron deficiencye0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorotic symptoms in younger leaves were evident after a few days of iron deficiency, with chlorophyll content being dramatically decreased.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean had lower medium-acidifying capacity than other Strategy I species.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- capacity to acidify the hydroponic culture mediume0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a lower capacity to acidify the hydroponic culture medium”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean root plasma membranes had lower H(+)-ATPase activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Gene
- H(+)-ATPasee0
- Outcome
- H(+)-ATPase activitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a lower H(+)-ATPase activity as determined in a plasma membrane-enriched fraction isolated from the roots”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean had drastically reduced phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Gene
- phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylasee0
- Outcome
- activity of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase enzymee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a drastically reduced activity of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase enzyme”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean cytosolic and vacuolar pHs decreased.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- cytosolic and vacuolar pHse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in both cytosolic and vacuolar pHs”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean vacuolar phosphate concentration increased.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- vacuolar phosphate concentratione0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the vacuolar phosphate concentration”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean exuded more organic carbon, particularly citrate, phenolics, and amino acids.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- exudation of organic carbon, particularly citrate, phenolics, and amino acidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increased exudation of organic carbon, particularly citrate, phenolics, and amino acids.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean iron-deficiency biochemical mechanisms were interpreted as differently regulated.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- biochemical mechanismse0
- Qualifier
- differently regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results suggest that the biochemical mechanisms induced by this nutritional disorder are differently regulated in this plant.”
t0“soybean”
The same questions in other papers
iron atom · physiology: pigments · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →iron atom · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- positive
- negative
- no effect
36 papers more in this group
See all 40 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.