Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UV) though harmful but is an important and unavoidable component of terrestrial ecosystem to which plants have been exposed since their migration from aquatic to land habitat. Incoming UV-B radiation and heavy metals abundance in contaminated soils are significant environmental threat affecting metabolic functions of plants through generation of reactive oxygen species. Plants have evolved mechanisms to counteract these reactive radicals and to repair the damage caused by UV-B and heavy metals. This study describes the impact of supplemental UV-B (sUV-B) and nickel (Ni) singly and in combination on photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, metabolites and lipid peroxidation of Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants. Compared to the controls, both the stresses individually and in combination led to reductions in photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, protein and catalase (CAT) activity whereas a reverse trend was observed for flavonoids, phenol, proline and thiol contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO). However, flavonoids increased significantly under individual exposure of sUV-B as compared to other treatments. An increase of LPO by 81% indicated the generation of reactive oxygen species under both the stress conditions. sUV-B and Ni in combination acted synergistically with stimulation of CAT activity by 51.6%, additively on SOD activity with increase of 16.4%, while other parameters showed antagonistic action of both the stresses.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Under both stresses singly and combined, photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid and protein were reduced relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.
Lathyrus oleraceuse7 - Treatment
- both the stresses individually and in combinatione0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, proteine0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the controls, both the stresses individually and in combination led to reductions in photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, protein and catalase (CAT) activity”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under both stresses singly and combined, catalase (CAT) activity was reduced relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- both the stresses individually and in combinatione0
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT) activitye0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the controls, both the stresses individually and in combination led to reductions in photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, protein and catalase (CAT) activity”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under both stresses, flavonoids, phenol and proline contents increased relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- both the stresses individually and in combinatione0
- Outcome
- flavonoids, phenol, prolinee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the controls, both the stresses individually and in combination”
e1“whereas a reverse trend was observed for flavonoids, phenol, proline and thiol contents”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under both stresses, thiol contents, SOD and POX activities increased relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- both the stresses individually and in combinatione0
- Outcome
- thiol contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activitiese1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the controls, both the stresses individually and in combination”
e1“thiol contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activities”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under both stresses, lipid peroxidation (LPO) increased by 81%, indicating generation of reactive oxygen species.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- both the stress conditionse3
- Outcome
- LPOe3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Value
- 81%e3
- Qualifier
- indicated the generation of reactive oxygen speciese3
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the controls, both the stresses individually and in combination”
e3“An increase of LPO by 81% indicated the generation of reactive oxygen species under both the stress conditions”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonoids increased significantly under individual supplemental UV-B exposure compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- individual exposure of sUV-Be2
- Outcome
- flavonoidse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- other treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“flavonoids increased significantly under individual exposure of sUV-B as compared to other treatments”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined sUV-B and Ni synergistically stimulated CAT activity by 51.6%.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- sUV-B and Ni in combinatione4
- Outcome
- CAT activitye4
- Direction
- stimulatione4
- Value
- 51.6%e4
- Qualifier
- acted synergisticallye4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“sUV-B and Ni in combination acted synergistically with stimulation of CAT activity by 51.6%”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined sUV-B and Ni additively increased SOD activity by 16.4%.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- sUV-B and Ni in combinatione4
- Outcome
- SOD activitye5
- Direction
- increasee5
- Value
- 16.4%e5
- Qualifier
- additivelye5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“sUV-B and Ni in combination acted synergistically”
e5“additively on SOD activity with increase of 16.4%”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined sUV-B and Ni showed antagonistic action on the other measured parameters.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- both the stressese6
- Outcome
- other parameterse6
- Qualifier
- antagonistic actione6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“while other parameters showed antagonistic action of both the stresses”
e7“Pisum sativum L. (pea) plants”
The same questions in other papers
uv · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
uv · quality: phytochemicals · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.