Abstract
Cyclin proteins, associated to cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), play fundamental roles in cell cycle control as they constitute a very important driving force to allow cell cycle progression. D-type cyclins (CycDs) are important both for interpreting external mitogenic signals and in the control of the G1 phase. The maize (Zea mays) genome appears to contain at least 17 different CycD genes, and they fall into the subgroups previously described for other plants. Maize CycDs have been named according to identity percentages of the corresponding orthologs in rice and Arabidopsis. In silico analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic cyclin domains in each maize CycD gene and showed that their genomic organization is similar to their orthologs in rice and Arabidopsis. The expression of maize CycD genes was followed in seeds, during germination in the presence/absence of exogenously added hormones, and also in different plantlet tissues (mesocotyl, root tips and first leaf). Most cyclins were expressed in germinating seeds and at least in one of the plantlet tissues tested; almost all of the detected cyclins show an accumulating pattern of mRNA along germination (0-24 h) and higher levels in root tissue. Interestingly, some cyclins show high levels in non-proliferating tissues as leaf. Addition of auxins or cytokinins does not seem to importantly modify transcript levels; on the other hand, addition of abscisic acid repressed the expression of several cyclins. The role of each CycD during germination and plant growth and its interaction with other cell cycle proteins becomes a topic of the highest interest.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The maize genome appears to contain at least 17 CycD genes in previously described subgroups.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maize (Zea mays) genome appears to contain at least 17 different CycD genes, and they fall into the subgroups previously described for other plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Each maize CycD gene had characteristic cyclin domains.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In silico analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic cyclin domains in each maize CycD gene”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize CycD genomic organization was similar to rice and Arabidopsis orthologs.
- Gene
- D‐type cyclinst0
- Outcome
- genomic organization is similare0
- Comparator
- orthologs in rice and Arabidopsise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their genomic organization is similar to their orthologs in rice and Arabidopsis”
t0“maize D‐type cyclins”
Claim · model-written summary
Most cyclins were expressed in germinating seeds and at least one tested plantlet tissue.
- Gene
- cyclinse0
- Outcome
- expressed in germinating seeds and at least in one of the plantlet tissues testede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most cyclins were expressed in germinating seeds and at least in one of the plantlet tissues tested”
t0“maize D‐type cyclins”
Claim · model-written summary
Nearly all detected cyclins accumulated mRNA during germination.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“almost all of the detected cyclins show an accumulating pattern of mRNA along germination (0-24 h)”
t0“maize D‐type cyclins”
Claim · model-written summary
Detected cyclins had higher expression in root tissue.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher levels in root tissue”
t0“maize D‐type cyclins”
Claim · model-written summary
Some cyclins had high expression in non-proliferating leaf tissue.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some cyclins show high levels in non-proliferating tissues as leaf”
t0“maize D‐type cyclins”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin addition did not substantially change cyclin transcript levels.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of auxins or cytokinins does not seem to importantly modify transcript levels”
t0“maize D‐type cyclins”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin addition did not substantially change cyclin transcript levels.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of auxins or cytokinins does not seem to importantly modify transcript levels”
t0“maize D‐type cyclins”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid repressed several cyclins.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of abscisic acid repressed the expression of several cyclins”
t0“maize D‐type cyclins”
The same questions in other papers
class · molecular: expression · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- positive
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