Abstract
The role of ethylene (ET) in resistance to infection with blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea) in rice (Oryza sativa) is poorly understood. To study it, we quantified ET levels after inoculation, using young rice plants at the four-leaf stage of rice cv Nipponbare (wild type) and its isogenic plant (IL7), which contains the Pi-i resistance gene to blast fungus race 003. Small necrotic lesions by hypersensitive reaction (HR) were formed at 42 to 72 h postinoculation (hpi) in resistant IL7 leaves, and whitish expanding lesions at 96 hpi in susceptible wild-type leaves. Notable was the enhanced ET emission at 48 hpi accompanied by increased 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) levels and highly elevated ACC oxidase (ACO) activity in IL7 leaves, whereas only an enhanced ACC increase at 96 hpi in wild-type leaves. Among six ACC synthase (ACS) and seven ACO genes found in the rice genome, OsACS2 was transiently expressed at 48 hpi in IL7 and at 96 hpi in wild type, and OsACO7 was expressed at 48 hpi in IL7. Treatment with an inhibitor for ACS, aminooxyacetic acid, suppressed enhanced ET emission at 48 hpi in IL7, resulting in expanding lesions instead of HR lesions. Exogenously supplied ACC compromised the aminooxyacetic acid-induced breakdown of resistance in IL7, and treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene and silver thiosulfate, inhibitors of ET action, did not suppress resistance. These findings suggest the importance of ET biosynthesis and, consequently, the coproduct, cyanide, for HR-accompanied resistance to blast fungus in young rice plants and the contribution of induced OsACS2 and OsACO7 gene expression to it.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant IL7 leaves formed small necrotic HR lesions by 42 to 72 hpi.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Material
- IL7e0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Interactor
- blast funguse1pathogen
- Outcome
- Small necrotic lesions by hypersensitive reaction (HR)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Small necrotic lesions by hypersensitive reaction (HR) were formed at 42 to 72 h postinoculation (hpi) in resistant IL7 leaves”
e1“blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea) in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Susceptible wild type leaves developed expanding whitish lesions at 96 hpi.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- wild-typee0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Interactor
- blast funguse1pathogen
- Outcome
- whitish expanding lesionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whitish expanding lesions at 96 hpi in susceptible wild-type leaves.”
e1“blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea) in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
IL7 leaves had enhanced ET emission at 48 hpi.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced ET emission at 48 hpi accompanied by increased 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) levels and highly elevated ACC oxidase (ACO) activity in IL7 leaves”
e1“rice cv Nipponbare”
Claim · model-written summary
IL7 leaves had increased ACC levels at 48 hpi.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- IL7e0
- Outcome
- 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced ET emission at 48 hpi accompanied by increased 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) levels and highly elevated ACC oxidase (ACO) activity in IL7 leaves”
e1“rice cv Nipponbare”
Claim · model-written summary
IL7 leaves had highly elevated ACO activity at 48 hpi.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- IL7e0
- Gene
- ACC oxidase (ACO)e0
- Outcome
- ACC oxidase (ACO) activitye0
- Direction
- highly elevatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced ET emission at 48 hpi accompanied by increased 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) levels and highly elevated ACC oxidase (ACO) activity in IL7 leaves”
e1“rice cv Nipponbare”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild type leaves showed enhanced ACC only at 96 hpi.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- wild-typee0
- Outcome
- ACCe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only an enhanced ACC increase at 96 hpi in wild-type leaves.”
e1“rice cv Nipponbare”
Claim · model-written summary
OsACS2 was transiently expressed at 48 hpi in IL7 and 96 hpi in wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Gene
- OsACS2e0
- Outcome
- transiently expressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsACS2 was transiently expressed at 48 hpi in IL7 and at 96 hpi in wild type”
e1“rice genome”
Claim · model-written summary
OsACO7 was expressed at 48 hpi in IL7.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Gene
- OsACO7e0
- Outcome
- expressed at 48 hpi in IL7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsACO7 was expressed at 48 hpi in IL7.”
e1“rice genome”
Claim · model-written summary
Aminooxyacetic acid suppressed ET emission at 48 hpi in IL7.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- IL7e0
- Treatment
- aminooxyacetic acide0
- Outcome
- ET emissione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with an inhibitor for ACS, aminooxyacetic acid, suppressed enhanced ET emission at 48 hpi in IL7, resulting in expanding lesions instead of HR lesions.”
e1“rice genome”
Claim · model-written summary
Aminooxyacetic acid caused expanding rather than HR lesions in IL7.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- IL7e0
- Treatment
- aminooxyacetic acide0
- Outcome
- expanding lesionse0
- Comparator
- HR lesionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with an inhibitor for ACS, aminooxyacetic acid, suppressed enhanced ET emission at 48 hpi in IL7, resulting in expanding lesions instead of HR lesions.”
e1“rice genome”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ACC countered aminooxyacetic acid induced resistance breakdown.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Exogenously supplied ACCe0
- Outcome
- breakdown of resistancee0
- Direction
- compromisede0
- Comparator
- aminooxyacetic acid-inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenously supplied ACC compromised the aminooxyacetic acid-induced breakdown of resistance in IL7”
e1“rice genome”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene action inhibitors did not suppress resistance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- 1-methylcyclopropene and silver thiosulfatee0
- Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- did not suppresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene and silver thiosulfate, inhibitors of ET action, did not suppress resistance.”
e1“rice genome”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer ET biosynthesis and cyanide coproduct contribute to HR-associated blast resistance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Compound
- cyanidee0
- Outcome
- HR-accompanied resistance to blast funguse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ET biosynthesis and, consequently, the coproduct, cyanide, for HR-accompanied resistance to blast fungus in young rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer induced OsACS2 and OsACO7 expression contributes to blast resistance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Gene
- OsACS2 and OsACO7e0
- Outcome
- resistance to blast funguse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contribution of induced OsACS2 and OsACO7 gene expression to it.”
e1“resistance to blast fungus in young rice plants”
The same questions in other papers
thiosulfate · disease · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
silver atom · disease · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid · disease · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.