Abstract
Rice is known to accumulate high amounts of silicon (Si) in plant tissue, which helps to decrease the intensity of many economically important rice diseases. Among these diseases, brown spot, caused by the fungus Bipolaris oryzae, is one of the most devastating because it negatively affects yield and grain quality. This study aimed to evaluate the importance of active root Si uptake in rice for controlling brown spot development. Some components of host resistance were evaluated in a rice mutant, low silicon 1 (lsi1), defective in active Si uptake, and its wild-type counterpart (cv. Oochikara). Plants were inoculated with B. oryzae after growing for 35 days in a hydroponic culture amended with 0 or 2 mMol Si. The components of host resistance evaluated were incubation period (IP), relative infection efficiency (RIE), area under brown spot progress curve (AUBSPC), final lesion size (FLS), rate of lesion expansion (r), and area under lesion expansion progress curve (AULEPC). Si content from both Oochikara and lsi1 in the +Si treatment increased in leaf tissue by 219 and 178%, respectively, over the nonamended controls. Plants from Oochikara had 112% more Si in leaf tissue than plants from lsi1. The IP of brown spot from Oochikara increased approximately 6 h in the presence of Si and the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were significantly reduced by 65, 75, 33, 36, and 35%, respectively. In the presence of Si, the IP increased 3 h for lsi1 but the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were reduced by only 40, 50, 12, 21, and 12%, respectively. The correlation between Si leaf content and IP was significantly positive but Si content was negatively correlated with RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC. Single degree-of-freedom contrasts showed that Oochikara and lsi1 supplied with Si were significantly different from those not supplied with Si for all components of resistance evaluated. This result showed that a reduced Si content in tissues of plants from lsi1 dramatically affected its basal level of resistance to brown spot, suggesting that a minimum Si concentration is needed. Consequently, the results of this study emphasized the importance of an active root Si uptake system for an increase in rice resistance to brown spot.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased leaf Si content in Oochikara by 219.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- Oochikarae0
- Treatment
- +Si treatmente0
- Outcome
- Si contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 219e0
- Comparator
- nonamended controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si content from both Oochikara and lsi1 in the +Si treatment increased in leaf tissue by 219 and 178%, respectively, over the nonamended controls.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased leaf Si content in lsi1 by 178%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- lsi1e0
- Treatment
- +Si treatmente0
- Outcome
- Si contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 178%e0
- Comparator
- nonamended controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si content from both Oochikara and lsi1 in the +Si treatment increased in leaf tissue by 219 and 178%, respectively, over the nonamended controls.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Oochikara had 112% more leaf silicon than lsi1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Oochikarae0
- Outcome
- Si in leaf tissuee0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 112%e0
- Comparator
- lsi1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants from Oochikara had 112% more Si in leaf tissue than plants from lsi1.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased brown spot incubation period in Oochikara by approximately 6 h.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Oochikarae0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzae
Bipolaris oryzaet1pathogen - Outcome
- IP of brown spote0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The IP of brown spot from Oochikara increased approximately 6 h in the presence of Si”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced RIE in Oochikara by 65.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Oochikarae1
- Treatment
- Sie1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- RIEe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 65e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were significantly reduced by 65, 75, 33, 36, and 35%, respectively.”
e1“Oochikara increased approximately 6 h in the presence of Si”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced AUBSPC in Oochikara by 75.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Oochikarae1
- Treatment
- Sie1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- AUBSPCe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 75e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were significantly reduced by 65, 75, 33, 36, and 35%, respectively.”
e1“Oochikara increased approximately 6 h in the presence of Si”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced FLS in Oochikara by 33.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Oochikarae1
- Treatment
- Sie1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- FLSe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 33e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were significantly reduced by 65, 75, 33, 36, and 35%, respectively.”
e1“Oochikara increased approximately 6 h in the presence of Si”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced r in Oochikara by 36.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Oochikarae1
- Treatment
- Sie1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- re0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 36e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were significantly reduced by 65, 75, 33, 36, and 35%, respectively.”
e1“Oochikara increased approximately 6 h in the presence of Si”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced AULEPC in Oochikara by 35%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Oochikarae1
- Treatment
- Sie1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- AULEPCe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were significantly reduced by 65, 75, 33, 36, and 35%, respectively.”
e1“Oochikara increased approximately 6 h in the presence of Si”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased brown spot incubation period in lsi1 by 3 h.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- lsi1e0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- IPe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of Si, the IP increased 3 h for lsi1”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced RIE in lsi1 by 40.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- lsi1e0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- RIEe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 40e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of Si, the IP increased 3 h for lsi1 but the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were reduced by only 40, 50, 12, 21, and 12%, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced AUBSPC in lsi1 by 50.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- lsi1e0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- AUBSPCe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 50e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of Si, the IP increased 3 h for lsi1 but the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were reduced by only 40, 50, 12, 21, and 12%, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced FLS in lsi1 by 12.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- lsi1e0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- FLSe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 12e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of Si, the IP increased 3 h for lsi1 but the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were reduced by only 40, 50, 12, 21, and 12%, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced r in lsi1 by 21.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- lsi1e0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- re0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 21e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of Si, the IP increased 3 h for lsi1 but the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were reduced by only 40, 50, 12, 21, and 12%, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced AULEPC in lsi1 by 12%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- lsi1e0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Interactor
- Bipolaris oryzaeBipolaris oryzaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- AULEPCe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 12%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of Si, the IP increased 3 h for lsi1 but the RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC were reduced by only 40, 50, 12, 21, and 12%, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Bipolaris oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf Si content correlated positively with brown spot incubation period.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- Sie0
- Outcome
- IPe0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The correlation between Si leaf content and IP was significantly positive”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf Si content correlated negatively with five disease measures.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- Sie0
- Outcome
- RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPCe0
- Direction
- negativelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si content was negatively correlated with RIE, AUBSPC, FLS, r, and AULEPC.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon-supplied plants differed significantly from unsupplied plants for all resistance components.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- supplied with Sie0
- Outcome
- all components of resistance evaluatede0
- Comparator
- not supplied with Sie0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oochikara and lsi1 supplied with Si were significantly different from those not supplied with Si for all components of resistance evaluated.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tissue silicon in lsi1 affected basal brown spot resistance.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- lsi1e0
- Outcome
- basal level of resistance to brown spote0
- Qualifier
- reduced Si content in tissuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a reduced Si content in tissues of plants from lsi1 dramatically affected its basal level of resistance to brown spot”
t0“Rice”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
163 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
173 papers more in this group
See all 177 papers →silicon atom · Bipolaris oryzae · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.