Abstract
The effect of pre- and post-infection-period applications of pyraclostrobin (Cabrio EG) on the development of anthracnose fruit rot was characterized in a controlled-climate study and validated in field studies in New York and Florida. Plants of the day-neutral cv. Tristar were inoculated with C. acutatum and placed into mist chambers at 14, 22, or 30°C. The plants were removed from the chambers after 3, 6, 12, or 24 h of misting and placed on greenhouse benches to allow disease development. The fungicide pyraclostrobin was applied to the berries at a concentration equivalent to 168 g a.i./ha at 3, 8, 24, and 48 h prior to inoculation and exposure to their wetting period, or 3, 8, 24, and 48 h following inoculation and exposure to their wetting period. All pyraclostrobin treatments suppressed disease compared with the corresponding untreated control treatments. The highest incidence of disease occurred on plants exposed to the longest wetness durations (12 and 24 h) or highest temperature treatments (22 and 30°C). Post-infection applications of pyraclostrobin provided significant control when applications were made within 3 and often up to 8 h after wetting, but generally were less effective than protective sprays. We further tested the ability of pyraclostrobin to control anthracnose when applied as a protectant or as an after-infection application in inoculated field plots exposed to a short (8 h) or long (24 h) wetting period in Florida and in New York. In three of the four experimental plots, disease control equivalent to or better than the protective spray was achieved when pyraclostrobin was applied up to 24 h after infection for long and short wetting periods. In the remaining plot, conditions for disease development were exceptionally favorable. The protective treatment provided approximately 75% control, whereas the best post-infection treatment provided only 50% control. Our study indicates that for short wetting events, such as those associated with seasonal thunderstorms, growers can wait until after such an infection event before applying pyraclos-trobin and achieve control equivalent to a protective application.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
All pyraclostrobin treatments suppressed strawberry disease versus untreated controls.
- Taxon
- Strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- pyraclostrobin treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum acutatum
Colletotrichum acutatumt0pathogene0 - Outcome
- diseasee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Comparator
- untreated control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“All pyraclostrobin treatments suppressed disease compared with the corresponding untreated control treatments.”
t0“Strawberry Caused by Colletotrichum acutatum”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry disease incidence was highest under longest wetness durations (12 and 24 h).
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- longest wetness durations (12 and 24 h)e0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum acutatumColletotrichum acutatumt0pathogene0
- Outcome
- incidence of diseasee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest incidence of disease occurred on plants exposed to the longest wetness durations (12 and 24 h) or highest temperature treatments (22 and 30°C).”
t0“Strawberry Caused by Colletotrichum acutatum”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry disease incidence was highest under highest temperature treatments (22 and 30°C).
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- highest temperature treatments (22 and 30°C)e0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum acutatumColletotrichum acutatumt0pathogene0
- Outcome
- incidence of diseasee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest incidence of disease occurred on plants exposed to the longest wetness durations (12 and 24 h) or highest temperature treatments (22 and 30°C).”
t0“Strawberry Caused by Colletotrichum acutatum”
Claim · model-written summary
Postinfection pyraclostrobin significantly controlled disease when applied within 3 and often up to 8 h after wetting.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Post-infection applications of pyraclostrobine0
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- providede0
- Qualifier
- within 3 and often up to 8 h after wettinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Post-infection applications of pyraclostrobin provided significant control when applications were made within 3 and often up to 8 h after wetting, but generally were less effective than protective sprays.”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Postinfection sprays were generally less effective than protective sprays.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Post-infection applications of pyraclostrobine0
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- less effectivee0
- Comparator
- protective sprayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Post-infection applications of pyraclostrobin provided significant control when applications were made within 3 and often up to 8 h after wetting, but generally were less effective than protective sprays.”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
In three of four plots, postinfection pyraclostrobin up to 24 h achieved control equivalent to or better than protective spray.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- pyraclostrobin was applied up to 24 h after infectione0
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- equivalent to or bettere0
- Qualifier
- three of the four experimental plotse0
- Comparator
- protective spraye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In three of the four experimental plots, disease control equivalent to or better than the protective spray was achieved when pyraclostrobin was applied up to 24 h after infection for long and short wetting periods.”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
protective treatment provided 75% disease control in the remaining plot.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- protective treatmente0
- Outcome
- controle0
- Value
- 75%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protective treatment provided approximately 75% control, whereas the best post-infection treatment provided only 50% control.”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
best post-infection treatment provided 50% disease control in the remaining plot.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- best post-infection treatmente0
- Outcome
- controle0
- Value
- 50%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protective treatment provided approximately 75% control, whereas the best post-infection treatment provided only 50% control.”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
For short wetting events, growers can apply pyraclostrobin after infection and achieve equivalent control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- applying pyraclos-trobine0
- Outcome
- control equivalent to a protective applicatione0
- Qualifier
- after such an infection evente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growers can wait until after such an infection event before applying pyraclos-trobin and achieve control equivalent to a protective application.”
t0“Strawberry”
The same questions in other papers
pyraclostrobin · control · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
pyraclostrobin · Colletotrichum acutatum · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
infection · control · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.