Abstract
Abstract A pot experiment to determine the effects of summer cover crops and soil amendments on okra yields and population densities of various soil nematode taxa was conducted in two consecutive growing seasons in a subtropical region. Two cover crops, sunn hemp ( Crotalaria juncea ) and sorghum sudangrass ( Sorghum bicolor × S. bicolor var. sudanense), were grown and returned to the soil with fallow as a control. As soon as these cover crops were harvested, they were soil-incorporated together with one of several organic amendments. These organic amendments were biosolids, N-Viro soil (a 1:1 mixture of coal ash and biosolids), coal ash, co-compost (a 3:7 mixture of biosolids and yard wastes), and yard waste compost compared with a control (no additional amendment). Other treatments were fumigation with MC-33 (a mixture of 33% of methyl bromide and 67% of chloropicrin) and cover crop removal (harvested and removed cover crops and their residues from the soil). A nematode-susceptible vegetable crop, okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.), was grown under these treatments. Among organic amendments, the application of biosolids produced the highest okra yield and biomass, and greatly suppressed root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita , in the soil. Between these two cover crops, sunn hemp was superior to sorghum sudangrass in improving okra production and in suppressing root-knot nematodes. The result indicates that growing sunn hemp as a cover crop and applying certain organic amendments can improve okra production and suppress root-knot nematodes, which are very damaging to okra plants. Such combined practices show a significant potential for application in organic farming and sustainable agriculture systems in a tropical or subtropical region.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Biosolids produced the highest okra yield and biomass among organic amendments.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Treatment
- biosolidse0
- Outcome
- okra yield and biomasse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- organic amendmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Among organic amendments, the application of biosolids produced the highest okra yield and biomass, and greatly suppressed root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita , in the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Biosolids greatly suppressed root-knot nematodes in soil.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- biosolidse0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pathogen - Outcome
- root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita , in the soile0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Comparator
- organic amendmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Among organic amendments, the application of biosolids produced the highest okra yield and biomass, and greatly suppressed root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita , in the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunn hemp improved okra production more than sorghum sudangrass.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- sunn hempe0
- Interactor
- sunn hemp
Crotalaria junceae0other - Outcome
- okra productione0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- sorghum sudangrasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Between these two cover crops, sunn hemp was superior to sorghum sudangrass in improving okra production and in suppressing root-knot nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunn hemp suppressed root-knot nematodes more than sorghum sudangrass.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- sunn hempe0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynee0pathogen
- Second interactor
- sunn hempCrotalaria junceae0other
- Outcome
- root-knot nematodese0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- sorghum sudangrasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Between these two cover crops, sunn hemp was superior to sorghum sudangrass in improving okra production and in suppressing root-knot nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose cover crop sunn hemp and organic amendments for organic farming.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Outcome
- application in organic farming and sustainable agriculture systemse0
- Setting
- tropical or subtropical regione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such combined practices show a significant potential for application in organic farming and sustainable agriculture systems in a tropical or subtropical region”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentusL.)”
The same questions in other papers
Crotalaria juncea · yield · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Crotalaria juncea · Meloidogyne · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.