Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotoxicity of different doses of paper pulp sludge on Alfisol soil in order to determine the potential use of the sludge as a soil improver.The organic waste was physically and chemically characterized to determine the presence of nutrients and heavy metals which is important for plant growth.The germination index (GI), the radicle length and the hypocotyl length of Lactuca sativa L. and Lolium perenne L. were evaluated for six doses of sludge/ soil: 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 t ha -1 .A control without waste addition was also included.Results indicated low concentration of heavy metals in the sludge which is reflected in the non-toxic effect on seed germination.GI in Lactuca sativa L. reached a maximum in the control with 155%; however, there were no significant differences among the treatments.GI in Lolium perenne L. had the highest value at a dose of 50 t ha -1 with 143%, indicating significant differences between the treatments.The use of paper pulp sludge as a soil improver could be beneficial given the nutrient concentration, the low concentration of heavy metals and the no toxic effect depending on the species treated.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Germination index of Lactuca sativa reached a maximum in the control (155%).
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativa L.
Lactuca sativae1 - Treatment
- different doses of paper pulp sludgee0
- Outcome
- GIe1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 155%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phytotoxicity of different doses of paper pulp sludge on Alfisol soil”
e1“GI in Lactuca sativa L. reached a maximum in the control with 155%”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination index of Lactuca sativa showed no significant differences among the sludge treatments.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativa L.Lactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- different doses of paper pulp sludgee0
- Outcome
- GIe1
- Comparator
- the treatmentse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phytotoxicity of different doses of paper pulp sludge on Alfisol soil”
e1“GI in Lactuca sativa L. reached a maximum in the control with 155%”
e2“there were no significant differences among the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination index of Lolium perenne was highest at a sludge dose of 50 t ha -1 (143%), with significant differences between treatments.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenne L.
Lolium perennee3 - Treatment
- a dose of 50 t ha -1e3
- Outcome
- GIe3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 143%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“GI in Lolium perenne L. had the highest value at a dose of 50 t ha -1 with 143%”
Claim · model-written summary
Low heavy metal concentration in the paper pulp sludge is reflected in a non-toxic effect on seed germination of Lactuca sativa and Lolium perenne.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativa L. and Lolium perenne L.Lactuca sativaLolium perennee6
- Outcome
- non-toxic effect on seed germinatione4
- Qualifier
- low concentration of heavy metals in the sludgee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Lactuca sativa L. and Lolium perenne L.”
e4“Results indicated low concentration of heavy metals in the sludge which is reflected in the non-toxic effect on seed germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Paper pulp sludge use as a soil improver is recommended as potentially beneficial.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativa L. and Lolium perenne L.Lactuca sativaLolium perennee6
- Outcome
- use of paper pulp sludge as a soil improvere5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The use of paper pulp sludge as a soil improver could be beneficial”
e6“Lactuca sativa L. and Lolium perenne L.”
The same questions in other papers
organic · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.